Abstract
Studies were conducted in conventional and no-tillage corn in 1990, 1991, and 1992 at Wooster, OH, to measure corn yield and velvetleaf seed production in response to density of early and late emerging velvetleaf, and to estimate economic thresholds. The percent reduction in corn yield fit a hyperbolic function over velvetleaf densities from 1 to 30 plants m 2 . The percent yield loss and velvetleaf seed production were higher in a warm, wet year (1990) than in a dry (1991) or cold, wet year (1992). The percent corn yield reduction was generally greater in no-tillage than in conventional tillage and from early rather than late emerging velvetleaf. Maximum velvetleaf seed production ranged from about 18,000 seeds m 2 for early emerging weeds in no-tillage in 1990 to 100 seeds m 2 for late emerging weeds in no-tillage in 1992. The single year economic threshold for early emerging velvetleaf ranged from 0.40 to 14.0 velvetleaf m 2 in conventional tillage and 0.13 to 3.13 in no-tillage. Economic thresholds that were predicted using yield goal information deviated from actual thresholds (using actual yields) for a given year by −43 to 30%. Single year economic thresholds were similar in both tillage treatments, but their value for management decisions is questionable due to variation among growing seasons and weed seed production from subthreshold populations.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The percent reduction in corn yield fit a hyperbolic function over velvetleaf densities from 1 to 30 plants m 2.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie0weed - Outcome
- percent reduction in corn yielde0
- Qualifier
- hyperbolic functione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent reduction in corn yield fit a hyperbolic function over velvetleaf densities from 1 to 30 plants m 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Percent corn yield loss was higher in a warm, wet year (1990) than in a dry year (1991) or a cold, wet year (1992).
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- percent yield losse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- a dry (1991) or cold, wet year (1992)e0
- Setting
- a warm, wet year (1990)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent yield loss and velvetleaf seed production were higher in a warm, wet year (1990) than in a dry (1991) or cold, wet year (1992)”
t0“Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf seed production was higher in a warm, wet year (1990) than in a dry year (1991) or a cold, wet year (1992).
- Taxon
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0
- Outcome
- velvetleaf seed productione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- a dry (1991) or cold, wet year (1992)e0
- Setting
- a warm, wet year (1990)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent yield loss and velvetleaf seed production were higher in a warm, wet year (1990) than in a dry (1991) or cold, wet year (1992)”
Claim · model-written summary
The percent corn yield reduction was generally greater in no-tillage than in conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- percent corn yield reductione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent corn yield reduction was generally greater in no-tillage than in conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
The percent corn yield reduction was generally greater from early than from late emerging velvetleaf.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- percent corn yield reductione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- from early rather than late emerging velvetleafe0
- Comparator
- late emerging velvetleafe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent corn yield reduction was generally greater in no-tillage than in conventional tillage and from early rather than late emerging velvetleaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum velvetleaf seed production ranged from about 18,000 seeds m 2 (early emerging weeds, no-tillage, 1990) to 100 seeds m 2 (late emerging weeds, no-tillage, 1992).
- Taxon
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0
- Outcome
- Maximum velvetleaf seed productione0
- Value
- about 18,000 seeds m 2 for early emerging weeds in no-tillage in 1990 to 100 seeds m 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum velvetleaf seed production ranged from about 18,000 seeds m 2 for early emerging weeds in no-tillage in 1990 to 100 seeds m 2 for late emerging weeds in no-tillage in 1992”
Claim · model-written summary
The single year economic threshold for early emerging velvetleaf ranged from 0.40 to 14.0 velvetleaf m 2 in conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- single year economic thresholde0
- Value
- 0.40 to 14.0 velvetleaf m 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The single year economic threshold for early emerging velvetleaf ranged from 0.40 to 14.0 velvetleaf m 2 in conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
The single year economic threshold for early emerging velvetleaf ranged from 0.13 to 3.13 in no-tillage.
- Taxon
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee1
- Outcome
- single year economic thresholde0
- Value
- 0.13 to 3.13e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The single year economic threshold for early emerging velvetleaf”
e1“0.13 to 3.13 in no-tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Economic thresholds predicted from yield goal information deviated from actual thresholds (using actual yields) for a given year by -43 to 30%.
Verbatim
e0“Economic thresholds that were predicted using yield goal information deviated from actual thresholds (using actual yields) for a given year by −43 to 30%”
Claim · model-written summary
Single year economic thresholds were similar in both tillage treatments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- both tillage treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Single year economic thresholdse0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Single year economic thresholds were similar in both tillage treatments”
t0“Corn (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
The value of single year economic thresholds for management decisions is questionable due to variation among growing seasons and weed seed production from subthreshold populations.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- value for management decisions is questionablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their value for management decisions is questionable due to variation among growing seasons and weed seed production from subthreshold populations”
t0“Corn (Zea mays)”
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