Abstract
The objectives were to research development characteristics of seven spring soybean varieties,and the role of β-amylase during seed development,as well as the relationship between precocious germination and β-amylase activity. The results showed that the germination index of soybean seeds increased rapidly from full seed-filling to beginning maturity,and maximized at full maturity. The germination ability significant positively correlat with seeds dry weight. β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming. β-amylase activity also decreased after precocious germination,the correlation between soybean β-amylase activity and germination percentage and index was positive in varieties tolerant to precocious germination,such as Zhechun 3,Ji23 and Ji24,but negative in the susceptible ones,such as 95-1,9701,Huachun 18 and Aijiaozao. The four varieties susceptible to precocious germination could be grouped into two categories,one included 95-1 and 9701,the other included Hechun 18 and Aijiaozao. Precocious germination of the former and the latter varieties occurred during full seed-filling and beginning maturity,and the germination percentage was higher than 60% and 80%,respectively. After beginning maturity,the β-amylase activity of soybean would decrease in the precocious germinated seeds. The study also suggested that precocious germinated seed caused the decrease of dry weight and germination percentage of harvesting seeds.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed germination index rose rapidly from full seed filling to beginning maturity and peaked at full maturity.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germination indexe0
- Direction
- increased rapidlye0
- Qualifier
- maximized at full maturitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the germination index of soybean seeds increased rapidly from full seed-filling to beginning maturity,and maximized at full maturity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed germination ability correlated positively with seed dry weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- germination abilitye0
- Direction
- positively correlate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination ability significant positively correlat with seeds dry weight.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean beta-amylase activity rose with seed development and dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- seed developmente0
- Gene
- β-amylasee0
- Outcome
- β-amylase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean beta-amylase activity decreased with seed germination and composition consumption.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Gene
- β-amylaset0
- Outcome
- β-amylase activitye1
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta-amylase activity fell after precocious germination.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- precocious germinatione0
- Gene
- β-amylasee0
- Outcome
- β-amylase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“β-amylase activity also decreased after precocious germination”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
In tolerant soybean varieties, beta-amylase activity correlated positively with germination percentage and index.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Zhechun 3,Ji23 and Ji24e0
- Gene
- β-amylasee0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and indexe0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the correlation between soybean β-amylase activity and germination percentage and index was positive in varieties tolerant to precocious germination,such as Zhechun 3,Ji23 and Ji24”
Claim · model-written summary
In susceptible soybean varieties, beta-amylase activity correlated negatively with germination percentage and index.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- 95-1,9701,Huachun 18 and Aijiaozaoe0
- Gene
- β-amylasee0
- Outcome
- germination percentage and indexe0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the correlation between soybean β-amylase activity and germination percentage and index was positive in varieties tolerant to precocious germination,such as Zhechun 3,Ji23 and Ji24,but negative in the susceptible ones,such as 95-1,9701,Huachun 18 and Aijiaozao.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
The susceptible varieties were divided into 95-1 and 9701 versus Hechun 18 and Aijiaozao.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- 95-1 and 9701e0
- Outcome
- two categoriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The four varieties susceptible to precocious germination could be grouped into two categories,one included 95-1 and 9701,the other included Hechun 18 and Aijiaozao.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
Precocious germination in 95-1 and 9701 occurred at full seed filling and exceeded 60%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- higher thane0
- Value
- 60%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Precocious germination of the former and the latter varieties occurred during full seed-filling and beginning maturity,and the germination percentage was higher than 60% and 80%,respectively.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
Precocious germination in Hechun 18 and Aijiaozao occurred at beginning maturity and exceeded 80%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- higher thane0
- Value
- 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Precocious germination of the former and the latter varieties occurred during full seed-filling and beginning maturity,and the germination percentage was higher than 60% and 80%,respectively.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”
Claim · model-written summary
After beginning maturity, beta-amylase activity fell in precociously germinated seeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- precocious germinated seedse0
- Gene
- β-amylasee0
- Outcome
- β-amylase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After beginning maturity,the β-amylase activity of soybean would decrease in the precocious germinated seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest precocious germination reduced harvested seed dry weight and germination percentage.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- harvesting seedse0
- Outcome
- dry weight and germination percentagee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“precocious germinated seed caused the decrease of dry weight and germination percentage of harvesting seeds.”
t0“Role of β-amylase in Seed Development and Relation to Pre-harvest Sprouting in Spring Soybean”
e1“β-amylase activity of soybean increased with seed development and dry matter accumulation,but decreased with seed germination and composition consuming.”