Abstract
【Objectives 】In drip irrigation agriculture system, according to phosphorus nutrition demand characteristic of maize in different growth stage,water coupling with P fertilizer application is an effective way of improving P resources efficiency as well as decreasing soil P fixation in calcareous soil. However,more information is needed about how to improve P utilization efficiency in drip irrigated fields. The objective of this field study was to compare the effect of different P fertilizers on drip-irrigated corn yield and P utilization. 【Methods】The experiment included four treatments:( i) no P fertilizer( CK),( ii) P2O581 kg /ha of solid diammonium phosphate( DAP) fertilizer basal applied at planting and 54 kg topdressed( T1),( iii) P2O581 kg /ha of liquid phosphoric acid( PA) fertilizer applied at planting and 54 kg topdressied( T2),( iv) P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3).【Results】The yield was 20622 kg/ha in the T3 treatment,37% higher than in the CK,25%higher than in the T1,and 10% higher than in the T2 treatment. The total biomass,grain number per panicle and grain weight per 1000 grains were also the highest in the T3treatment( P 0. 05). At tasseling stage,14. 0 kg /haof P was absorbed in the CK treatment,22. 7 kg in the T1 treatment,21. 0 kg in the T2 treatment and 18. 3 kg in the T3 treatment. At maturity,total P absorption was 68. 4 kg /ha,77. 8 kg /ha,. 87. 2 kg /ha and 91. 9 kg /ha for CK,T1,T2,and T3,respectively. The amount of P absorption in the T3 treatment was significantly higher than in the other treatments( P 0. 05),indicating that topdressing of P significantly improved the P nutrition of corn. The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer( REP) was 16. 6% in the T1 treatment,32. 6% in the T2 treatment and 40. 6% in the T3 treatment. The T3 treatment increased REP by 8- 24 percentage points compared with the T1 and T2treatments. The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer( AEP) for T1,T2 and T3 was 7. 9,22. 7 and 40. 6kg /kg respectively. The T3 treatment increased AEP by 17. 9- 32. 7 kg /kg compared with the T1 and T2treatments.【Results】Liquid P fertilizer topdressing with drip irrigation significantly improves the P nutrition and P fertilizer utilization efficiency of corn,can be regarded as an efficient P fertilizer application strategy in calcareous soil.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Yield in the T3 treatment was 37% higher than in the CK.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 37%e1
- Qualifier
- 20622 kg/hae1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The yield was 20622 kg/ha in the T3 treatment,37% higher than in the CK,25%higher than in the T1,and 10% higher than in the T2 treatment”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield in the T3 treatment was 25% higher than in the T1 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 25%e1
- Comparator
- T1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The yield was 20622 kg/ha in the T3 treatment,37% higher than in the CK,25%higher than in the T1,and 10% higher than in the T2 treatment”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield in the T3 treatment was 10% higher than in the T2 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Comparator
- T2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The yield was 20622 kg/ha in the T3 treatment,37% higher than in the CK,25%higher than in the T1,and 10% higher than in the T2 treatment”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
The T3 treatment gave the highest total biomass, grain number per panicle and grain weight per 1000 grains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- total biomass,grain number per panicle and grain weight per 1000 grainse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The total biomass,grain number per panicle and grain weight per 1000 grains were also the highest in the T3treatment”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
P absorption at tasseling stage was 18.3 kg/ha in the T3 treatment, higher than 14.0 kg/ha in the CK.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- tasseling stagee1
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- P was absorbede1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 18. 3 kge1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“At tasseling stage,14. 0 kg /haof P was absorbed in the CK treatment,22. 7 kg in the T1 treatment,21. 0 kg in the T2 treatment and 18. 3 kg in the T3 treatment”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
P absorption in the T3 treatment at maturity was significantly higher than in the other treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- maturitye2
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e3
- Outcome
- total P absorptione2
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 91. 9 kg /hae2
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The amount of P absorption in the T3 treatment was significantly higher than in the other treatments( P 0. 05)”
e2“At maturity,total P absorption was 68. 4 kg /ha,77. 8 kg /ha,. 87. 2 kg /ha and 91. 9 kg /ha for CK,T1,T2,and T3,respectively”
e3“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total P absorption at maturity was 68.4 kg/ha in the CK.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- maturitye1
- Outcome
- total P absorptione1
- Value
- 68. 4 kg /hae1
- Qualifier
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“At maturity,total P absorption was 68. 4 kg /ha,77. 8 kg /ha,. 87. 2 kg /ha and 91. 9 kg /ha for CK,T1,T2,and T3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Total P absorption at maturity was 77.8 kg/ha in the T1 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- maturitye1
- Outcome
- total P absorptione1
- Value
- 77. 8 kg /hae1
- Qualifier
- T1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“At maturity,total P absorption was 68. 4 kg /ha,77. 8 kg /ha,. 87. 2 kg /ha and 91. 9 kg /ha for CK,T1,T2,and T3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Total P absorption at maturity was 87.2 kg/ha in the T2 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- maturitye1
- Outcome
- total P absorptione1
- Value
- 87. 2 kg /hae1
- Qualifier
- T2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“At maturity,total P absorption was 68. 4 kg /ha,77. 8 kg /ha,. 87. 2 kg /ha and 91. 9 kg /ha for CK,T1,T2,and T3,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer was 16.6% in the T1 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 16. 6%e1
- Qualifier
- T1 treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer( REP) was 16. 6% in the T1 treatment,32. 6% in the T2 treatment and 40. 6% in the T3 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer was 32.6% in the T2 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 32. 6%e1
- Qualifier
- T2 treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer( REP) was 16. 6% in the T1 treatment,32. 6% in the T2 treatment and 40. 6% in the T3 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer was 40.6% in the T3 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 40. 6%e1
- Qualifier
- T3 treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer( REP) was 16. 6% in the T1 treatment,32. 6% in the T2 treatment and 40. 6% in the T3 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The T3 treatment increased REP by 8-24 percentage points compared with the T1 and T2 treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- REPe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8- 24 percentage pointse1
- Comparator
- T1 and T2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The T3 treatment increased REP by 8- 24 percentage points compared with the T1 and T2treatments”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer was 7.9 kg/kg in the T1 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 7. 9e1
- Qualifier
- T1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer( AEP) for T1,T2 and T3 was 7. 9,22. 7 and 40. 6kg /kg respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer was 22.7 kg/kg in the T2 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 22. 7e1
- Qualifier
- T2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer( AEP) for T1,T2 and T3 was 7. 9,22. 7 and 40. 6kg /kg respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer was 40.6 kg/kg in the T3 treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizere1
- Value
- 40. 6kg /kge1
- Qualifier
- T3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer( AEP) for T1,T2 and T3 was 7. 9,22. 7 and 40. 6kg /kg respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The T3 treatment increased AEP by 17.9-32.7 kg/kg compared with the T1 and T2 treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)e2
- Outcome
- AEPe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17. 9- 32. 7 kg /kge1
- Comparator
- T1 and T2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn yield”
e1“The T3 treatment increased AEP by 17. 9- 32. 7 kg /kg compared with the T1 and T2treatments”
e2“P2O5135 kg /ha of liquid PA topdressed( T3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid P fertilizer topdressing with drip irrigation can be regarded as an efficient P fertilizer application strategy in calcareous soil.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Liquid P fertilizer topdressing with drip irrigatione1
- Outcome
- P nutrition and P fertilizer utilization efficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Liquid P fertilizer topdressing with drip irrigation significantly improves the P nutrition and P fertilizer utilization efficiency of corn,can be regarded as an efficient P fertilizer application strategy in calcareous soil”
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