Abstract
Rice traditionally cultivated in water-logged soil consumes huge amounts of the water resources in China. As a novel water-saving technique, rice cultivated in aerobic soil could almost reach the same yield as that in water-logged soil. Furthermore, rice cultivation in aerobic conditions makes it possible to intercrop rice with legumes, which is regarded as an important part of sustainable agriculture and has a yield advantage expressed by land equivalent ratio (LER). But little information has been available so far about the new intercropping systems. Pot experiments were carried out to study the nitrogen transfer occurring in the system of groundnut intercropped with rice cultivated in aerobic soil at three different nitrogen fertilizer application rates (15 kg hm~(-2), 75 kg hm~(-2) and 150 kg hm~(-2)) using (()~(15)N) foliar labelling method. The results were as follows. The dry weight and total nitrogen accumulated in intercropped rice were 9.410 g plant~(-1), 12.06 g plant1, 13.53 g plant~(-1) and 207.35 mg plant~(-1), 241.81mg plant~(-1), 259.37 mg.plant~(-1) at three nitrogen application rates, namely 15 kg hm~(-2), 75 kg hm~(-2), 150 kg hm~(-2), respectively. Compared with monocropped rice cultivation, the dry weights of rice intercropped were increased by 21%～29%, 7%～29%, 18%～30% at the three N fertilizer application rates, respectively, while the total nitrogen increased by 43.43%, 45.72%, 32.81%, respectively. This result showed that intercropping could enhance significantly the dry weight and total nitrogen of rice crop, especially in the soil with low-N supply. There was no significant differences of the dry weight and total nitrogen of groundnut between the intercropped and monocropped. Using groundnut leaf label (()~(15)N) as (()~(15)N) donor plant, there was good evidence of nitrogen transfer from groundnut to rice, which accounted for about 9.93%, 5.65%, 4.22% of the N accumulated in groundnut at the three N application rates, respectively. The higher the fertilizer application rates, the less amounts of N was transferred from groundnut to rice. Nitrogen transfer from rice to groundnut was also observed in the experiment of rice as (()~(15)N) donor plant, which represented about 4.39%, 2.06%, 1.38% of the N accumulated in rice in the three N application rates, respectively. By using (()~(15)N) foliar labeling method a confident conclusion could be drawn that there existed a bi\|directional N transfer in the intercropping system of groundnut with rice cultivated in aerobic soil. The possible mechanism and path-way of nitrogen transfer in the system of groundnut intercropped with rice were also discussed in detail in this paper.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped rice dry weight increased relative to monocropped rice at all three fertilizer rates.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- rice intercroppede0
- Outcome
- dry weights of ricee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 21%～29%, 7%～29%, 18%～30%e0
- Comparator
- monocropped ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with monocropped rice cultivation, the dry weights of rice intercropped were increased by 21%～29%, 7%～29%, 18%～30% at the three N fertilizer application rates, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped rice accumulated more total nitrogen than monocropped rice at all three fertilizer rates.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- total nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 43.43%, 45.72%, 32.81%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with monocropped rice cultivation, the dry weights of rice intercropped were increased by 21%～29%, 7%～29%, 18%～30% at the three N fertilizer application rates, respectively, while the total nitrogen increased by 43.43%, 45.72%, 32.81%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut dry weight and total nitrogen did not differ significantly between intercropping and monocropping.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- intercroppede0
- Outcome
- dry weight and total nitrogen of groundnute0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- monocroppede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no significant differences of the dry weight and total nitrogen of groundnut between the intercropped and monocropped”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen moved from groundnut to rice, accounting for 9.93%, 5.65%, and 4.22% at increasing N rates.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- nitrogen transfer from groundnut to ricee0
- Value
- 9.93%, 5.65%, 4.22%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was good evidence of nitrogen transfer from groundnut to rice, which accounted for about 9.93%, 5.65%, 4.22% of the N accumulated in groundnut at the three N application rates, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilizer application was associated with less nitrogen transfer from groundnut to rice.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- fertilizer application ratese0
- Outcome
- N was transferred from groundnut to ricee0
- Direction
- lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher the fertilizer application rates, the less amounts of N was transferred from groundnut to rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen moved from rice to groundnut, accounting for 4.39%, 2.06%, and 1.38% at increasing N rates.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen transfer from rice to groundnute0
- Value
- 4.39%, 2.06%, 1.38%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen transfer from rice to groundnut was also observed in the experiment of rice as (()~(15)N) donor plant, which represented about 4.39%, 2.06%, 1.38% of the N accumulated in rice in the three N application rates, respectively”
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