Abstract
Sulphur (S) deficiency has become a marked problem in agricultural system in many regions in the last two decades, and sulphur application in S-deficiency soils may increase crop yield and improve the grain quality. In plants, there is a close relationship between sulphur and nitrogen. Crop response to S fertilizer often depends on the amount of N supply. Deficiency of S may be induced by a high nitrogen amount, and responses to S application are usually greater when abundant nitrogen fertilizer applied. Although wheat has a relatively low requirement for S, deficiency of S in wheat growth has been observed in many regions in China. Previous studies have focused on effects of single S fertilizer on growth and yield of wheat. We took a strong-gluten wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Yumai 34 as experimental material to explore the activities of key enzymes for nitrogen and sulphur assimilation and the response of grain yield to different fertilizer applications of sulphur and nitrogen. The experiment was conducted in the soil with available sulphur content of 22.78 mg kg-1 in 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons by split plot design. The main plot was two nitrogen levels with 330 (N330) and 240 (N240) kg ha-1, respectively, and the subplot was three sulphur levels with 0 (S0), 60 (S60), and 100 (S100) kg ha-1, respectivly. The results indicated that sulphur fertilizer could improve the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), which are the key enzymes of nitrogen assimilation, and may be speculated to improve the nitrogen assimilation ability. But, under different nitrogen application levels, the amount of sulphur needed was different. In N330 treatment, sulphur application could reduce NR activity and improve GS and GPT activities. In N240 treatment, 0 sulphur application could improve NR and GS activities. The activity of o-acetylserine thiollyase (OASS), a key enzyme of sulphur assimilation, reduced with the inreasing of sulphur application rate. Furthermore, OASS activity enhanced under high N-supply and S-deficiency conditions. The effects of N and its interaction with S on grain yield were significant (P5%) , and those of S were highly significant (P1%). Under the both nitrogen levels of N330 and N240, dry matter accumulation of S application treatments increased significantly as compared with that of control (S0), and the grain yield of N330S100, N330S60, N240S100, and N240S60 treatments rose by 28.6% (P0.01), 12.6% (P0.05), 25.7% (P0.01), and 25.3% (P0.01) respectively. The 1000-grain weight of sulphur treatments significantly increased at both nitrogen levels, but the spike number and grains per spike had no significant difference among the treatments.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Sulphur fertilizer improved NR, GS and GPT activities.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- sulphur fertilizere0
- Outcome
- activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT)e0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulphur fertilizer could improve the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT)”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N330, sulfur reduced NR activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulphur applicatione0
- Outcome
- NR activitye0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Qualifier
- N330 treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In N330 treatment, sulphur application could reduce NR activity”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N330, sulfur improved GS and GPT activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulphur applicatione0
- Outcome
- GS and GPT activitiese0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- N330 treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In N330 treatment, sulphur application could reduce NR activity and improve GS and GPT activities”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N240, zero sulfur improved NR and GS activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0 sulphur applicatione0
- Outcome
- NR and GS activitiese0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- N240 treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In N240 treatment, 0 sulphur application could improve NR and GS activities”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
OASS activity declined as sulfur application rate increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulphur application ratee0
- Outcome
- activity of o-acetylserine thiollyase (OASS)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of o-acetylserine thiollyase (OASS), a key enzyme of sulphur assimilation, reduced with the inreasing of sulphur application rate”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High N supply with S deficiency enhanced OASS activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high N-supply and S-deficiency conditionse0
- Outcome
- OASS activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OASS activity enhanced under high N-supply and S-deficiency conditions”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
N and its interaction with S significantly affected grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N and its interaction with Se0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- P5%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of N and its interaction with S on grain yield were significant (P5%)”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur had a highly significant effect on grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- P1%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of N and its interaction with S on grain yield were significant (P5%) , and those of S were highly significant (P1%)”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application significantly increased dry matter accumulation at both nitrogen levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- S application treatmentse0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control (S0)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the both nitrogen levels of N330 and N240, dry matter accumulation of S application treatments increased significantly as compared with that of control (S0)”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
N330S100 raised grain yield by 28.6%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of N330S100, N330S60, N240S100, and N240S60 treatments rose by 28.6% (P0.01), 12.6% (P0.05), 25.7% (P0.01), and 25.3% (P0.01) respectively”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
N330S60 raised grain yield by 12.6%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of N330S100, N330S60, N240S100, and N240S60 treatments rose by 28.6% (P0.01), 12.6% (P0.05), 25.7% (P0.01), and 25.3% (P0.01) respectively”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
N240S100 raised grain yield by 25.7%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of N330S100, N330S60, N240S100, and N240S60 treatments rose by 28.6% (P0.01), 12.6% (P0.05), 25.7% (P0.01), and 25.3% (P0.01) respectively”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
N240S60 raised grain yield by 25.3%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of N330S100, N330S60, N240S100, and N240S60 treatments rose by 28.6% (P0.01), 12.6% (P0.05), 25.7% (P0.01), and 25.3% (P0.01) respectively”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur treatments significantly increased thousand-grain weight at both N levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulphur treatmentse0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1000-grain weight of sulphur treatments significantly increased at both nitrogen levels”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike number and grains per spike did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- spike number and grains per spikee0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- among the treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the spike number and grains per spike had no significant difference among the treatments”
t0“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
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