Abstract
Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici that secrets cell wall degrading enzymes and polygalacturonase (PGs) that are hydrolase catalyzing the hydrolysis of pectin. In this experiment we conducted to observe contents of cations and anions and changes of cell wall structures of the stems of the infected red pepper plants by P. capsici. To do this, we inoculated zoospores of P. capsici using syringe with 21G needle on peeled stem of the red pepper plants. Stem cell wall structures of normal and infected pepper plants were identified by using optical microscope. Also protein contents and PGs activities by P. capsici and cations and anions of the stems of the normal and infected red pepper plants were measured. The results showed that any hyphae of P. capsici and destructed cell wall structures were not found in the normal plants while some hyphae of P. capsici and destroyed cell walls were found in the pepper plants showing symptoms of pepper blight. However, the hyphae of P. capsici were found but broken cell walls were not found in the red pepper plants that did not show any symptoms of pepper blight. The cations from normal and infected plants were in the same order of K > Ca > Mg Na > Al > Fe. K, Ca, and Mg were much higher than those of normal red pepper plants. However, Ca was approximately twice as much as of that of normal ones. Anions from normal and infected plants were in the same order of Cl -> NO 3 -> PO 4 3-> SO 4 2-. But NO 3 --N and SO 4 2--S from the infected plants were almost 7.3 and 1.75 times of those from normal ones. Therefore, we assumed that K, Ca, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-could cause pepper blight on the red pepper plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
K, Ca and Mg contents were much higher in stems of P. capsici-inoculated red pepper plants than in normal plants.
- Taxon
- red pepper
Capsicum annuum var. annuume0 - Organ / stage
- steme1
- Treatment
- inoculated zoospores of P. capsicie1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsici
.jpg?width=60)
Phytophthora capsicie0pathogen - Outcome
- K, Ca, and Mge2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- normal red pepper plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e1“we inoculated zoospores of P. capsici using syringe with 21G needle on peeled stem of the red pepper plants”
e2“K, Ca, and Mg were much higher than those of normal red pepper plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca in stems of P. capsici-inoculated red pepper plants was approximately twice that of normal plants.
- Taxon
- red pepperCapsicum annuum var. annuume0
- Organ / stage
- steme1
- Treatment
- inoculated zoospores of P. capsicie1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- Cae3
- Direction
- twice as muche3
- Value
- approximately twicee3
- Comparator
- normal onese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e1“we inoculated zoospores of P. capsici using syringe with 21G needle on peeled stem of the red pepper plants”
e3“Ca was approximately twice as much as of that of normal ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate-N in stems of P. capsici-inoculated red pepper plants was about 7.3 times that of normal plants.
- Taxon
- red pepperCapsicum annuum var. annuume0
- Treatment
- inoculated zoospores of P. capsicie1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- NO 3 --Ne4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 7.3e4
- Comparator
- normal onese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e1“we inoculated zoospores of P. capsici using syringe with 21G needle on peeled stem of the red pepper plants”
e4“NO 3 --N and SO 4 2--S from the infected plants were almost 7.3 and 1.75 times of those from normal ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfate-S in stems of P. capsici-inoculated red pepper plants was about 1.75 times that of normal plants.
- Taxon
- red pepperCapsicum annuum var. annuume0
- Treatment
- inoculated zoospores of P. capsicie1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- SO 4 2--Se4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 1.75e4
- Comparator
- normal onese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e1“we inoculated zoospores of P. capsici using syringe with 21G needle on peeled stem of the red pepper plants”
e4“NO 3 --N and SO 4 2--S from the infected plants were almost 7.3 and 1.75 times of those from normal ones”
Claim · model-written summary
P. capsici hyphae were present in infected red pepper plants without symptoms, but their cell walls were not broken.
- Taxon
- red pepper plantsCapsicum annuum var. annuume7
- Interactor
- P. capsiciPhytophthora capsicie7pathogen
- Outcome
- broken cell wallse7
- Qualifier
- did not show any symptoms of pepper blighte7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the hyphae of P. capsici were found but broken cell walls were not found in the red pepper plants that did not show any symptoms of pepper blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Cations in normal and infected red pepper plants followed the same order, K > Ca > Mg > Na > Al > Fe.
- Taxon
- red pepperCapsicum annuum var. annuume0
- Outcome
- cationse5
- Qualifier
- same order of K > Ca > Mg Na > Al > Fee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e5“The cations from normal and infected plants were in the same order of K > Ca > Mg Na > Al > Fe”
Claim · model-written summary
Anions in normal and infected red pepper plants followed the same order, Cl > NO3 > PO4 > SO4.
- Taxon
- red pepperCapsicum annuum var. annuume0
- Outcome
- anionse6
- Qualifier
- same order of Cl -> NO 3 -> PO 4 3-> SO 4 2-e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pepper blight in red pepper plants is a lethal disease by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici”
e6“Anions from normal and infected plants were in the same order of Cl -> NO 3 -> PO 4 3-> SO 4 2-”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors assume that K, Ca, nitrate and sulfate could cause pepper blight in red pepper plants.
- Taxon
- red pepper plantsCapsicum annuum var. annuume7
- Compound
- K, Ca, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-e7
- Outcome
- pepper blighte7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“we assumed that K, Ca, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-could cause pepper blight on the red pepper plants”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · nutrient: content · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Positive and negative results
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.