Abstract
In order to test herbicides for the destruction of illicit stands of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) a series of commercially available herbicides were sprayed on glasshouse-grown plants having 2 to 6 leaves. The following herbicides caused complete kill or severe injury to cannabis plants: (a) herbicides with root and foliage activity--ametryn, atrazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryne, diuron, fluometuron, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, phenobenzuron, ethofumesate, karbutilate, methazole and oxadiazon; and (b) foliar-acting herbicides with brief or no soil persistence--amitrole, bentazon, 2,4-D, diquat + paraquat, glyphosate and phenmedipham. In field experiments herbicides of the latter group, and ioxynil, metribuzin, and a MSMA-cacodylate mixture, caused death or severe damage to young cannabis plants. Glyphosate, ioxynil and bentazon destroyed developed cannabis plants. In glasshouse and field experiments the following herbicides applied to young cannabis plants caused marked deformations of stems, leaves and/or inflorescences: barban, butralin, dalapon, difenzoquat, dinitramine, diphenamid, IPC, napropamide, penoxalin, triffuralin, and U-27267.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Several root and foliage herbicides completely killed or severely injured glasshouse cannabis.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.
Cannabis sativat0 - Treatment
- ametryn, atrazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryne, diuron, fluometuron, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, phenobenzuron, ethofumesate, karbutilate, methazole and oxadiazone0
- Outcome
- complete kill or severe injurye1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herbicides with root and foliage activity--ametryn, atrazine, metribuzin, prometryn, terbutryne, diuron, fluometuron, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, phenobenzuron, ethofumesate, karbutilate, methazole and oxadiazon”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
e1“The following herbicides caused complete kill or severe injury to cannabis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar herbicides completely killed or severely injured glasshouse cannabis.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- amitrole, bentazon, 2,4-D, diquat + paraquat, glyphosate and phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- complete kill or severe injurye1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar-acting herbicides with brief or no soil persistence--amitrole, bentazon, 2,4-D, diquat + paraquat, glyphosate and phenmedipham.”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
e1“The following herbicides caused complete kill or severe injury to cannabis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Field treatments killed or severely damaged young cannabis.
- Organ / stage
- younge0
- Treatment
- herbicides of the latter group, and ioxynil, metribuzin, and a MSMA-cacodylate mixturee0
- Outcome
- death or severe damagee0
CannabisNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herbicides of the latter group, and ioxynil, metribuzin, and a MSMA-cacodylate mixture, caused death or severe damage to young cannabis plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate, ioxynil and bentazon destroyed developed cannabis.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate, ioxynil and bentazon destroyed developed cannabis plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven herbicides deformed cannabis stems, leaves or inflorescences.
- Taxon
- Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- barban, butralin, dalapon, difenzoquat, dinitramine, diphenamid, IPC, napropamide, penoxalin, triffuralin, and U-27267e0
- Outcome
- marked deformations of stems, leaves and/or inflorescencese1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barban, butralin, dalapon, difenzoquat, dinitramine, diphenamid, IPC, napropamide, penoxalin, triffuralin, and U-27267.”
t0“Cannabis sativa L.”
e1“caused marked deformations of stems, leaves and/or inflorescences”
The same questions in other papers
bentazone · crop injury · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
2,4-D · crop injury · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
metribuzin · crop injury · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
prometryn · crop injury · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.