Abstract
Suboptimal temperature stress often causes heavy yield losses of vegetables by suppressing plant growth during winter and early spring. Gibberellin acid (GA) has been reported to be involved in plant growth and acquisition of mineral nutrients. However, no studies have evaluated the role of GA in the regulation of growth and nutrient acquisition by vegetables under conditions of suboptimal temperatures in greenhouse. Here, we investigated the roles of GA in the regulation of growth and nitrate acquisition of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants under conditions of short-term suboptimal root-zone temperatures (Tr). Exposure of cucumber seedlings to a Tr of 16°C led to a significant reduction in root growth, and this inhibitory effect was reversed by exogenous application of GA. Expression patterns of several genes encoding key enzymes in GA metabolism were altered by suboptimal Tr treatment, and endogenous GA concentrations in cucumber roots were significantly reduced by exposure of cucumber plants to 16°C Tr, suggesting that inhibition of root growth by suboptimal Tr may result from disruption of endogenous GA homeostasis. To further explore the mechanism underlying the GA-dependent cucumber growth under suboptimal Tr, we studied the effect of suboptimal Tr and GA on nitrate uptake, and found that exposure of cucumber seedlings to 16°C Tr led to a significant reduction in nitrate uptake rate, and exogenous application GA can alleviate the down-regulation by up regulating the expression of genes associated with nitrate uptake. Finally, we demonstrated that N accumulation in cucumber seedlings under suboptimal Tr conditions was improved by exogenous application of GA due probably to both enhanced root growth and nitrate absorption activity. These results indicate that a reduction in endogenous GA concentrations in roots due to down-regulation of GA biosynthesis at transcriptional level may be a key event to underpin the suboptimal Tr-induced inhibition of root growth and nitrate uptake. These findings may have important practical implications in effective mitigation of suboptimal temperature-induced vegetable loss under greenhouse conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure of cucumber seedlings to 16°C root-zone temperature significantly reduced root growth
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse1 - Treatment
- a Tr of 16°Ce1
- Outcome
- root growthe1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“Exposure of cucumber seedlings to a Tr of 16°C led to a significant reduction in root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GA reversed the inhibitory effect of suboptimal root-zone temperature on cucumber root growth
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of GAe2
- Outcome
- inhibitory effecte2
- Direction
- reversede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“Exposure of cucumber seedlings to a Tr of 16°C led to a significant reduction in root growth”
e2“this inhibitory effect was reversed by exogenous application of GA”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogenous GA concentrations in cucumber roots were significantly reduced by exposure of cucumber plants to 16°C root-zone temperature
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- exposure of cucumber plants to 16°C Tre1
- Outcome
- endogenous GA concentrations in cucumber rootse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“endogenous GA concentrations in cucumber roots were significantly reduced by exposure of cucumber plants to 16°C Tr”
Claim · model-written summary
Suboptimal root-zone temperature altered the expression patterns of several genes encoding key enzymes in GA metabolism
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- suboptimal Tr treatmente1
- Gene
- genes encoding key enzymes in GA metabolisme1
- Outcome
- expression patternse1
- Direction
- alterede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“Expression patterns of several genes encoding key enzymes in GA metabolism were altered by suboptimal Tr treatment”
e2“Exposure of cucumber seedlings to a Tr of 16°C led to a significant reduction in root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure of cucumber seedlings to 16°C root-zone temperature significantly reduced nitrate uptake rate
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- 16°C Tre1
- Outcome
- nitrate uptake ratee1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“exposure of cucumber seedlings to 16°C Tr led to a significant reduction in nitrate uptake rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GA alleviated the down-regulation of genes associated with nitrate uptake under suboptimal root-zone temperature
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- exogenous application GAe1
- Outcome
- expression of genes associated with nitrate uptakee1
- Direction
- up regulatinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“exogenous application GA can alleviate the down-regulation by up regulating the expression of genes associated with nitrate uptake”
e2“Exposure of cucumber seedlings to a Tr of 16°C led to a significant reduction in root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GA improved nitrogen accumulation in cucumber seedlings under suboptimal root-zone temperature
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of GAe1
- Outcome
- N accumulatione1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“N accumulation in cucumber seedlings under suboptimal Tr conditions was improved by exogenous application of GA”
Claim · model-written summary
The GA-related N accumulation gain is probably due to enhanced root growth and nitrate absorption activity
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- N accumulatione1
- Qualifier
- enhanced root growth and nitrate absorption activitye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“N accumulation in cucumber seedlings under suboptimal Tr conditions was improved by exogenous application of GA due probably to both enhanced root growth and nitrate absorption activity”
e2“due probably to both enhanced root growth and nitrate absorption activity”
Claim · model-written summary
A reduction in endogenous GA in roots due to down-regulated GA biosynthesis at transcriptional level may underlie the inhibition of root growth and nitrate uptake
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- inhibition of root growth and nitrate uptakee1
- Qualifier
- reduction in endogenous GA concentrations in roots due to down-regulation of GA biosynthesis at transcriptional levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber Growth”
e1“a reduction in endogenous GA concentrations in roots due to down-regulation of GA biosynthesis at transcriptional level may be a key event to underpin the suboptimal Tr-induced inhibition of root growth and nitrate uptake”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · molecular: expression · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Gibberellic acid · nutrient: content · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.