Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, B) have immense potential application in sustainable agriculture as ecofriendly biofertilizers and biopesticides. In this study, the effects of three nitrogen (N) sources (NO3-, NH4+ and NO3NH4) and PGPR on growth, crude fiber and nutrient uptake were investigated in squash plants. Some growth parameters [root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), total plant dry weight (PDW), number of leaves (NL), shoot length (SL), stem diameter (SD) and number of ramifications (NR)], crude fiber (cellulose content) and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) were determined. Application of NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 singly or in combination with PGPR inoculation led to a significant increase in RDW, SDW, PDW, NL, SL, SD and NR. Na, Cu and Zn contents, on the contrary, decreased in inoculated treated plants while no significant differences were recorded in cellulose contents (CE) of leaves except in plants fed with NO3-. The leaf CE content ranged from 12.58 to 13.67%. The plants supplied with NO3+B, NH4+B and NO3NH4+B showed significantly higher plant biomass and accumulation of N, P, K and Mn concentrations in leaves compared to all other treatments. These results suggest that specific combinations of PGPR with NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 fertilizers can be considered as efficient alternative biofertilizers to improve significantly the squash growth and nutrient uptake.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sources alone or with PGPR significantly increased root, shoot and total dry weight.
- Taxon
- Squasht0
- Treatment
- NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 singly or in combination with PGPR inoculatione0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- RDW, SDW, PDWe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 singly or in combination with PGPR inoculation led to a significant increase in RDW, SDW, PDW, NL, SL, SD and NR”
e1“root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), total plant dry weight (PDW)”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sources alone or with PGPR significantly increased leaf number, shoot length, stem diameter and ramifications.
- Taxon
- Squasht0
- Treatment
- NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 singly or in combination with PGPR inoculatione0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- NL, SL, SD and NRe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 singly or in combination with PGPR inoculation led to a significant increase in RDW, SDW, PDW, NL, SL, SD and NR”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated treated plants had decreased Na, Cu and Zn contents.
- Taxon
- Squasht0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- PGPRe1symbiont
- Outcome
- Na, Cu and Zn contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Na, Cu and Zn contents, on the contrary, decreased in inoculated treated plants”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
e1“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, B)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf cellulose content generally showed no significant differences among treatments except with NO3-.
- Taxon
- Squasht0
- Treatment
- plants fed with NO3-e0
- Outcome
- cellulose contents (CE) of leavese0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- except in plants fed with NO3-e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“no significant differences were recorded in cellulose contents (CE) of leaves except in plants fed with NO3-”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf cellulose content ranged from 12.58 to 13.67%.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf CE content ranged from 12.58 to 13.67%”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Each combined nitrogen and PGPR treatment yielded significantly higher plant biomass than all other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The plants supplied with NO3+B, NH4+B and NO3NH4+B showed significantly higher plant biomass and accumulation of N, P, K and Mn concentrations in leaves compared to all other treatments”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
e1“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, B)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and PGPR treatments significantly increased leaf N, P, K and Mn accumulation over other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The plants supplied with NO3+B, NH4+B and NO3NH4+B showed significantly higher plant biomass and accumulation of N, P, K and Mn concentrations in leaves compared to all other treatments”
t0“Squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir.) Plants”
e1“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, B)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose PGPR and nitrogen combinations as biofertilizers to improve squash growth and nutrient uptake.
Verbatim
e0“specific combinations of PGPR with NO3-, NH4+ or NO3NH4 fertilizers can be considered as efficient alternative biofertilizers to improve significantly the squash growth and nutrient uptake”
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