Pengaruh Asam 2,4-Diklorofenoksiasetat (2,4-D) dan Benziladenin (BA) terhadap Kandungan Minyak Atsiri Kalus Daun Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) The effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benziladenin (BA) on essensial oil production from neem (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) callus culture

Abstract

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benziladenine (BA) on essential oil production from neem callus culture. The outline of the research was Pogostemon cablin as a plant herb potentially to be developing with cultured method. The addition of 2,4-D and BA in culture’s medium would induced protein synthesis, further more it would influenced cell proliferation and cell metabolism with regulation enzyme action, so that both of induced secondary metabolism production from the cell that be cultured. The research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors (2,4-D concentration: 0 mgl -1 ; 0,1 mgl -1 ; 0,3 mgl -1 ; 0,5 mgl -1 ; 1,0 mgl -1 and BA concentration: 0 mgl -1 ; 0,5 mgl -1 ; 1,0 mgl -1 ) with 3 replicates. Data that be collected were qualitative data (callus morphology included texture and color callus) and quantitative data (callus wet weight, callus dry weight, and essential oil content). Data were analyzed using ANOVA be followed by DMRT 5% confidence level and correlation analysis. The result of the research indicated that the treatment (addition of 2,4-D and BA on MS medium) induced the production of essential oil of neem callus. Addition 2,4-D 1,0 mgl -1 and BA 1,0 mgl -1 was the optimum combination concentration to promote the production of essential oil.

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