Abstract
This research was initiated to determine the response of apple ( Malus × domestica ) fruit quality to sprays of zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ) and sugar alcohol zinc. Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated, the leaf zinc (Zn) concentration of which were about 14.3 mg·kg −1 dry weight without Zn deficiency symptoms. The trees were sprayed with ZnSO 4 and sugar alcohol zinc separately during four different developmental stages: 2 weeks before budbreak (P1), 3 weeks after bloom (P2), the termination of spring shoot growth (P3), and 4 weeks before harvest (P4). The fruit was harvested at maturity and analyzed for fruit quality and fruit Zn concentration. Zinc sprays during the four different developmental stages increased Zn concentration of peeled and washed fruit at harvest, without phytotoxicity. The treatments at stages P2 and P4 increased average fruit weight of ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively. The treatments at stages P1 and P4 increased the fruit firmness of ‘Gala’, while the treatments at stages P1 and P2 increased the fruit firmness of ‘Fuji’. The treatments at stages P1, P2, and P4 increased the soluble sugar and vitamin C of ‘Gala’ fruit, while the treatments at all the stages increased the soluble sugar and vitamin C of ‘Fuji’. And the effects of sugar alcohol zinc were equal and more pronounced than those of ZnSO 4 . Thus, Zn sprays at critical periods can improve fruit quality of apple trees, which show no Zn deficiency symptoms with leaf Zn concentration less than 15 mg·kg −1 dry weight.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sprays at all four developmental stages increased Zn concentration of apple fruit at harvest without phytotoxicity
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Organ / stage
- peeled and washed fruite1
- Treatment
- Zinc sprays during the four different developmental stagese1
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- without phytotoxicitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e1“Zinc sprays during the four different developmental stages increased Zn concentration of peeled and washed fruit at harvest, without phytotoxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc spray at stage P2 increased average fruit weight of Gala apple
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Galae2
- Treatment
- P2e2
- Outcome
- average fruit weighte2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e2“The treatments at stages P2 and P4 increased average fruit weight of ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc spray at stage P4 increased average fruit weight of Fuji apple
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie2
- Treatment
- P4e2
- Outcome
- average fruit weighte2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e2“The treatments at stages P2 and P4 increased average fruit weight of ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sprays at stages P1 and P4 increased fruit firmness of Gala apple
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Galae3
- Treatment
- stages P1 and P4e3
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e3“The treatments at stages P1 and P4 increased the fruit firmness of ‘Gala’”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sprays at stages P1 and P2 increased fruit firmness of Fuji apple
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Fujie4
- Treatment
- stages P1 and P2e4
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e4“while the treatments at stages P1 and P2 increased the fruit firmness of ‘Fuji’”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sprays at stages P1, P2 and P4 increased soluble sugar and vitamin C of Gala fruit
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Galae6
- Organ / stage
- fruite6
- Treatment
- stages P1, P2, and P4e6
- Outcome
- soluble sugar and vitamin Ce6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e6“The treatments at stages P1, P2, and P4 increased the soluble sugar and vitamin C of ‘Gala’ fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar alcohol zinc had effects equal to and more pronounced than ZnSO 4 on apple fruit
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- sugar alcohol zince7
- Outcome
- effectse7
- Direction
- more pronouncede7
- Qualifier
- equale7
- Comparator
- ZnSO 4e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two apple cultivars Fuji and Gala were evaluated”
e7“the effects of sugar alcohol zinc were equal and more pronounced than those of ZnSO 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn sprays at critical periods can improve fruit quality of apple trees that show no Zn deficiency symptoms
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticae6
- Treatment
- Zn sprays at critical periodse6
- Outcome
- fruit qualitye6
- Qualifier
- no Zn deficiency symptomse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Zn sprays at critical periods can improve fruit quality of apple trees, which show no Zn deficiency symptoms”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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See all 116 papers →stage · nutrient: content · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.