Abstract
Abstract Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) fruit (‘Heinz 3534’) subjected to mechanical stress followed by storage for 48 hr exhibited visible degeneration of the mesocarp and endocarp, which was accompanied by several-fold increases in the activity of the enzymes pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, polygalacturonase, and xylanase. The activity of all these enzymes increased in the endocarp, whereas only pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase increased in the mesocarp, and pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonase increased in the exocarp. Further, the increase in the activity of pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonase was less when cucumbers were stored at 0° or 10°C vs. 25° or 38° after mechanical stress. Cucumbers stored for only 8 hr after mechanical stress, or not stressed, and stored for 8 or 48 hr showed no consistent significant increases in enzyme activity. Endocarp firmness of fruit stored at 25° or 38° for 8 hr after mechanical stress was lower than that of unstressed fruit, but this decrease was not evident after 48 hr of storage, and mesocarp firmness was not affected by mechanical stress regardless of storage temperature or time. Ethylene production was stimulated significantly by 8-hr storage at 0°, following mechanical stress, and by 48-hr storage at 0°, but was unaffected by all other treatment and storage regimes. These data indicate that mechanical stress induces biochemical and morphological changes in the major tissues of cucumber fruit, but tissue firmness and/or ethylene production will not serve as indicators of these changes. Moreover, the effects of mechanical stress do not appear to be mediated through the action of ethylene.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stress followed by 48 hours storage caused visible mesocarp and endocarp degeneration.
- Taxon
- Cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Material
- Heinz 3534e0
- Treatment
- mechanical stresse0
- Outcome
- visible degeneration of the mesocarp and endocarpe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) fruit (‘Heinz 3534’) subjected to mechanical stress followed by storage for 48 hr exhibited visible degeneration of the mesocarp and endocarp”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stress and storage increased endocarp enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- endocarpe0
- Treatment
- mechanical stresst0
- Outcome
- activity of all these enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of all these enzymes increased in the endocarp”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stress increased pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase in mesocarp.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- mesocarpe0
- Treatment
- Mechanical Stresst0
- Outcome
- pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase increased in the mesocarp”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stress increased pectin methylesterase, peroxidase and polygalacturonase in exocarp.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- exocarpe0
- Treatment
- Mechanical Stresst0
- Outcome
- pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonase increased in the exocarp”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Cooler storage reduced the stress related increase in three enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 0° or 10°Ce0
- Outcome
- activity of pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonasee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- 25° or 38°e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in the activity of pectin methylesterase, peroxidase, and polygalacturonase was less when cucumbers were stored at 0° or 10°C vs. 25° or 38° after mechanical stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight hours of storage after stress, or no stress with eight or 48 hours storage, gave no consistent significant enzyme increase.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- stored for only 8 hr after mechanical stresse0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- no consistent significant increasese0
- Comparator
- not stressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumbers stored for only 8 hr after mechanical stress, or not stressed, and stored for 8 or 48 hr showed no consistent significant increases in enzyme activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
After eight hours at 25 or 38 degrees, stressed fruit had lower endocarp firmness than unstressed fruit.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- mechanical stresse0
- Outcome
- Endocarp firmnesse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 25° or 38° for 8 hre0
- Comparator
- unstressed fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Endocarp firmness of fruit stored at 25° or 38° for 8 hr after mechanical stress was lower than that of unstressed fruit”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in endocarp firmness was not evident after 48 hours storage.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- mechanical stresse1
- Outcome
- Endocarp firmnesse1
- Direction
- not evidente0
- Qualifier
- 48 hr of storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this decrease was not evident after 48 hr of storage”
e1“Endocarp firmness of fruit stored at 25° or 38° for 8 hr after mechanical stress was lower than that of unstressed fruit”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stress did not affect mesocarp firmness.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- mechanical stresse0
- Outcome
- mesocarp firmnesse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mesocarp firmness was not affected by mechanical stress regardless of storage temperature or time”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress followed by eight hours at zero degrees significantly stimulated ethylene production.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 8-hr storage at 0°, following mechanical stresse0
- Outcome
- Ethylene productione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene production was stimulated significantly by 8-hr storage at 0°, following mechanical stress”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Forty eight hours at zero degrees significantly stimulated ethylene production.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 48-hr storage at 0°e0
- Outcome
- Ethylene Productione1
- Direction
- stimulatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and by 48-hr storage at 0°, but was unaffected by all other treatment and storage regimes”
e1“Ethylene production was stimulated significantly by 8-hr storage at 0°, following mechanical stress”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Other treatment and storage regimes did not affect ethylene production.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- all other treatment and storage regimese0
- Outcome
- Ethylene Productiont0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but was unaffected by all other treatment and storage regimes”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that firmness and ethylene production cannot indicate the biochemical and morphological changes.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- tissue firmness and/or ethylene production will not serve as indicators of these changese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tissue firmness and/or ethylene production will not serve as indicators of these changes”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that ethylene does not mediate mechanical stress effects.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- effects of mechanical stresse0
- Qualifier
- do not appear to be mediated through the action of ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effects of mechanical stress do not appear to be mediated through the action of ethylene”
t0“Mechanical Stress, Storage Time, and Temperature Influence Cell Wall-degrading Enzymes, Firmness, and Ethylene Production by Cucumbers”
The same questions in other papers
storage · physiology: hormones · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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storage · soil: biology · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.