Abstract
The experiment comprising of twelve treatments was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Prominent weeds were Echinochloa colona and Digitaria sanguinalis among the grasses; Cyperus iria, among the sedges and Spilanthes acmella and Ludwigia parviflora among the broad-leaved weeds throughout the cropping period. Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT effectively controlled the grasses, broad-leaved and sedges at 50 DAT which was statistically at par with the azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT. The loss of grain yield of rice due to weed infestation was to the tune of 35–38%. Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT. These treatments may be recommended for managing composite weed flora and obtaining higher yield and net return of transplanted Kharif (wet) rice in the lateritic belt of West Bengal, India.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The prominent grass weeds were Echinochloa colona and Digitaria sanguinalis.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- Echinochloa colona
Echinochloa colonae0weed - Second interactor
- Digitaria sanguinalis
.jpg?width=60)
Digitaria sanguinalise0weed - Outcome
- Prominent weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Prominent weeds were Echinochloa colona and Digitaria sanguinalis among the grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus iria was a prominent sedge weed.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Cyperus iria
.jpg?width=60)
Cyperus iriae0weed - Outcome
- Cyperus iria, among the sedgese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Cyperus iria, among the sedges”
Claim · model-written summary
Spilanthes acmella and Ludwigia parviflora were prominent broad leaved weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Spilanthes acmella
Blainvillea acmellae0weed - Second interactor
- Ludwigia parviflorae0weed
- Outcome
- broad-leaved weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Spilanthes acmella and Ludwigia parviflora among the broad-leaved weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment effectively controlled grasses, broad leaved weeds and sedges, at par with azimsulfuron.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 date0
- Outcome
- grasses, broad-leaved and sedgese0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
- Qualifier
- at 50 DATe0
- Comparator
- azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT effectively controlled the grasses, broad-leaved and sedges at 50 DAT which was statistically at par with the azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed infestation reduced rice grain yield by 35–38%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- weed infestatione0
- Outcome
- grain yield of ricee0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- 35–38%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss of grain yield of rice due to weed infestation was to the tune of 35–38%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment produced lower weed density.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DATe0
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- Lowere0
- Comparator
- sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment produced lower total weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DATe0
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- Lowere0
- Comparator
- sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment produced higher weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DATe0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment produced higher yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DATe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined herbicide treatment produced higher net return of rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DATe0
- Outcome
- net return of ricee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Lower values of weed density, total weed dry weight and higher values of weed control efficiency, yield and net return of rice were registered with combined application of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl at 60 g/ha + metsulfuron-methyl + chlorimuron-ethyl at 4 g/ha at 25 DAT and was followed by sole application azimsulfuron at 40 g/ha at 20 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the combined treatment and azimsulfuron for weed management and higher yield and returns in transplanted Kharif rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- managing composite weed flora and obtaining higher yield and net returne0
- Setting
- lateritic belt of West Bengal, Indiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments may be recommended for managing composite weed flora and obtaining higher yield and net return of transplanted Kharif (wet) rice in the lateritic belt of West Bengal, India”
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