Abstract
The germination of three morphologically distinct categories of achenes of Bidens bipinnata was investigated. The long and medium length achenes germinated readily over a wide range of germination conditions. The short achenes showed relatively exacting germination requirements. Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin. The implications of the differences in germination behaviour are discussed. Die kieming van drie morfologies-verskillende tipes vrugte van Bidens bipinnata is ondersoek. Die lang en medium lengte vrugte het geredelik onder ’n wye reeks toestande gekiem. Die kort vrugte het egter meer spesifieke kiemingstoestande benodig. Kieming van hierdie vrugte is deur witlig, rooilig, skarifisering, uitloging, gibberellien- en kinetientoedienings bevorder. Die implikasies van hierdie kiemingsverskille word bespreek.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Long achenes germinated readily over a wide range of conditions.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnata
Bidens bipinnatat0 - Material
- longe0
- Outcome
- germinated readilye0
- Qualifier
- wide range of germination conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The long and medium length achenes germinated readily over a wide range of germination conditions”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium length achenes germinated readily over a wide range of conditions.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- medium lengthe0
- Outcome
- germinated readilye0
- Qualifier
- wide range of germination conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The long and medium length achenes germinated readily over a wide range of germination conditions”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Short achenes had relatively exacting germination requirements.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Outcome
- relatively exacting germination requirementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The short achenes showed relatively exacting germination requirements”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
White light enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- white lighte0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Scarification enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- scarificatione0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaching enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- leachinge0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied gibberellic acid enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- applied gibberellic acide0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied kinetin enhanced short achene germination.
- Taxon
- Bidens bipinnataBidens bipinnatat0
- Material
- short achenese0
- Treatment
- kinetine0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of the short achenes was enhanced by white light, red light, scarification, leaching and applied gibberellic acid and kinetin”
t0“Bidens bipinnata”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Bidens bipinnataPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.