Abstract
Sugar beet grown in solution culture, with or without a supplement of 16 millequivalents per litre of sodium, were subjected to water stress with polyethylene glycol solutions of −0.4, −3, and −8 bar osmotic potential. With the −0.4 bar solution leaf water potential was between −6 and −8 bar and leaf relative water content about 90 per cent. Decreasing the solution osmotic potential to −8 bar decreased leaf water potential to about −15 bar and relative water content to 75 per cent; leaves stopped expanding and transpiration and carbon dioxide uptake were decreased by 80 and 50 per cent respectively. Net assimilation rates were only slightly decreased because leaf growth was decreased more than carbon dioxide assimilation. Relative growth rates of the plants were decreased by 8 per cent at −3 bar and by 15 per cent at −8 bar. Sodium absorbed by the plant accumulated mainly in the leaves and petioles; it increased the water content of the leaves and storage root and the plant fresh weight. Sodium decreased the leaf osmotic potential, slightly increased leaf water potential, and significantly increased turgor. It had no effect on carbon dioxide uptake, transpiration, net assimilation rate, or relative growth rate. Sodium increased the rate at which the leaf area grew and it is concluded that it did so by altering the leaf water balance.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
At −0.4 bar solution osmotic potential, leaf water potential was −6 to −8 bar and relative water content about 90%.
- Taxon
- Sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- −0.4 bar solutione0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Value
- between −6 and −8 bare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the −0.4 bar solution leaf water potential was between −6 and −8 bar and leaf relative water content about 90 per cent”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At −0.4 bar, leaf relative water content was about 90%.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- −0.4 bar solutione0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water contente0
- Value
- about 90 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the −0.4 bar solution leaf water potential was between −6 and −8 bar and leaf relative water content about 90 per cent”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowering solution osmotic potential to −8 bar lowered leaf water potential to about −15 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- −8 bare0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- about −15 bare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreasing the solution osmotic potential to −8 bar decreased leaf water potential to about −15 bar”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
At −8 bar, relative water content declined to 75%.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- −8 bare0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 75 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreasing the solution osmotic potential to −8 bar decreased leaf water potential to about −15 bar and relative water content to 75 per cent”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves stopped expanding at −8 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- leaves stopped expandinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaves stopped expanding”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration declined by 80% at −8 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- transpiratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 80e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transpiration and carbon dioxide uptake were decreased by 80 and 50 per cent respectively”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon dioxide uptake declined by 50% at −8 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- carbon dioxide uptakee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 50 per cente0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transpiration and carbon dioxide uptake were decreased by 80 and 50 per cent respectively”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Net assimilation rates decreased only slightly under water stress.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Outcome
- Net assimilation ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- only slightlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net assimilation rates were only slightly decreased because leaf growth was decreased more than carbon dioxide assimilation”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative growth rate decreased by 8% at −3 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- −3 bare0
- Outcome
- Relative growth ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 8 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative growth rates of the plants were decreased by 8 per cent at −3 bar and by 15 per cent at −8 bar”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative growth rate decreased by 15% at −8 bar.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- −8 bare0
- Outcome
- Relative growth ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 15 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative growth rates of the plants were decreased by 8 per cent at −3 bar and by 15 per cent at −8 bar”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Absorbed sodium accumulated mainly in leaves and petioles.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and petiolese0
- Outcome
- Sodium absorbed by the plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium absorbed by the plant accumulated mainly in the leaves and petioles”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium increased water content of leaves and storage roots.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume1
- Outcome
- water content of the leaves and storage roote0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the water content of the leaves and storage root and the plant fresh weight”
e1“Sodium absorbed by the plant”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium increased plant fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume1
- Outcome
- plant fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the water content of the leaves and storage root and the plant fresh weight”
e1“Sodium absorbed by the plant”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium decreased leaf osmotic potential.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- leaf osmotic potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium decreased the leaf osmotic potential, slightly increased leaf water potential, and significantly increased turgor”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium slightly increased leaf water potential.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium decreased the leaf osmotic potential, slightly increased leaf water potential, and significantly increased turgor”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium significantly increased turgor.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- turgore0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium decreased the leaf osmotic potential, slightly increased leaf water potential, and significantly increased turgor”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium had no effect on carbon dioxide uptake, transpiration, or net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- carbon dioxide uptake, transpiration, net assimilation ratee1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium increased the rate at which the leaf area grew”
e1“It had no effect on carbon dioxide uptake, transpiration, net assimilation rate, or relative growth rate”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium had no effect on relative growth rate.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- relative growth ratee1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium increased the rate at which the leaf area grew”
e1“It had no effect on carbon dioxide uptake, transpiration, net assimilation rate, or relative growth rate”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium increased the rate of leaf area growth.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- rate at which the leaf area grewe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium increased the rate at which the leaf area grew”
t0“Sugar beet”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded sodium promoted leaf-area growth by altering leaf water balance.
- Taxon
- Sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Sodiume0
- Outcome
- rate at which the leaf area grewe0
- Qualifier
- altering the leaf water balancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium increased the rate at which the leaf area grew and it is concluded that it did so by altering the leaf water balance”
t0“Sugar beet”
The same questions in other papers
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.