Paper · 1997 · Weed Technology

Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) and Entireleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriuscula) Management in Soybean (Glycine max) with Flumetsulam

Katherine M. Jennings; Alan C. York; Roger B. Batts; et al.

12
claims
24
verbatim quotes
4
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Systems consisting of flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, or imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlor were compared with and without chlorimuron POST for control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory in narrow-row soybean at four locations. Control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory by soil-applied herbicides was generally inadequate. Control of sicklepod by flumetsulam exceeded control by metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquin at one location. Entireleaf morningglory control by flumetsulam was similar to or less than control by metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquin. Chlorimuron POST was a more important component of management systems for these weeds than was flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, or imazaquin PPI or PRE. Pooled over soil-applied herbicides, chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively; increased soybean yield 20 to 55%; decreased foreign matter contamination 5 to 13%; and increased net returns $34 to $185/ha. When used in conjunction with chlorimuron POST, flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, and imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlor increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory only when control by trifluralin or metolachlor followed by chlorimuron POST was less than 66 and 77%, respectively.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil-applied herbicides generally provided inadequate sicklepod control.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
soil-applied herbicidese0
Interactor
sicklepode0weed
Outcome
Control of sicklepode0
Direction
inadequatee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory by soil-applied herbicides was generally inadequate.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 272–373 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil-applied herbicides generally provided inadequate entireleaf morningglory control.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
soil-applied herbicidese0
Interactor
entireleaf morningglorye0weed
Outcome
entireleaf morningglorye0
Direction
inadequatee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory by soil-applied herbicides was generally inadequate.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 272–373 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flumetsulam controlled sicklepod better than the other two herbicides at one location.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
flumetsulame0
Interactor
sicklepode0weed
Outcome
Control of sicklepode0
Direction
exceedede0
Qualifier
at one locatione0
Comparator
metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquine0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Control of sicklepod by flumetsulam exceeded control by metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquin at one location.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 374–487 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flumetsulam controlled entireleaf morningglory similarly or less effectively than the alternatives.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
flumetsulame0
Interactor
Entireleaf morningglorye0weed
Outcome
Entireleaf morningglory controle0
Direction
similar to or less thane0
Comparator
metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquine0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Entireleaf morningglory control by flumetsulam was similar to or less than control by metribuzin plus chlorimuron or imazaquin.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–615 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST was the more important component for managing these weeds.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Chlorimuron POSTe0
Outcome
more important component of management systems for these weedse0
Direction
more importante0
Comparator
flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, or imazaquin PPI or PREe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Chlorimuron POST was a more important component of management systems for these weeds than was flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, or imazaquin PPI or PRE.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 616–777 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST increased late-season sicklepod control by 25 to 61%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
chlorimuron POSTe0
Interactor
sicklepode0weed
Outcome
late-season control of sicklepode0
Direction
increasede0
Value
25 to 61%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Pooled over soil-applied herbicides, chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively;”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 778–941 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST increased late-season entireleaf morningglory control by 22 to 54%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
chlorimuron POSTe0
Interactor
entireleaf morningglorye0weed
Outcome
late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglorye0
Direction
increasede0
Value
22 to 54%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively;”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 815–941 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST increased soybean yield by 20 to 55%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
chlorimuron POSTe0
Outcome
soybean yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
20 to 55%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively; increased soybean yield 20 to 55%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 815–975 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST decreased foreign matter contamination by 5 to 13%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
chlorimuron POSTe0
Outcome
foreign matter contaminatione0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
5 to 13%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively; increased soybean yield 20 to 55%; decreased foreign matter contamination 5 to 13%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 815–1024 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorimuron POST increased net returns by $34 to $185/ha.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
chlorimuron POSTe0
Outcome
net returnse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
$34 to $185/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“chlorimuron POST increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory 25 to 61% and 22 to 54%, respectively; increased soybean yield 20 to 55%; decreased foreign matter contamination 5 to 13%; and increased net returns $34 to $185/ha.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 815–1067 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding the soil-applied herbicides increased sicklepod control only when the baseline control was below 66%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, and imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlore0
Interactor
sicklepode0weed
Outcome
late-season control of sicklepode0
Direction
increasede0
Value
66e0
Comparator
trifluralin or metolachlor followed by chlorimuron POSTe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“When used in conjunction with chlorimuron POST, flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, and imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlor increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory only when control by trifluralin or metolachlor followed by chlorimuron POST was less than 66 and 77%, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1412 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding the soil-applied herbicides increased morningglory control only when baseline control was below 77%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, and imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlore0
Interactor
entireleaf morningglorye0weed
Outcome
late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglorye0
Direction
increasede0
Value
77%e0
Comparator
trifluralin or metolachlor followed by chlorimuron POSTe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“When used in conjunction with chlorimuron POST, flumetsulam, metribuzin plus chlorimuron, and imazaquin applied PPI with trifluralin or PRE with metolachlor increased late-season control of sicklepod and entireleaf morningglory only when control by trifluralin or metolachlor followed by chlorimuron POST was less than 66 and 77%, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1412 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 109–130 · show in text ↑

chlorimuron · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

33 papers: 16 positive, 17 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
    Postemergence chlorimuron improved soybean yield.

    Broadleaf Weed Control with Trifluralin Plus Flumetsulam in Soybean (Glycine max) · 1995 · compared with soil-applied herbicides alone

    Same directionCited by this paper

  2. negative
  3. negative

29 papers more in this group

See all 33 papers →

Flumetsulam · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 3 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

trifluralin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

metolachlor · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

14 papers: 13 positive, 1 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

chlorimuron · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

21 papers: 18 positive, 3 negative or no effect

17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
    Postemergence chlorimuron improved weed control.

    Broadleaf Weed Control with Trifluralin Plus Flumetsulam in Soybean (Glycine max) · 1995 · compared with soil-applied herbicides alone

    Same directionCited by this paper

  2. no effect
  3. negative

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

imazaquin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

25 papers: 21 positive, 4 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

21 papers more in this group

See all 25 papers →

chlorimuron · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

29 papers: 28 positive, 1 negative or no effect

27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

25 papers more in this group

See all 29 papers →

metribuzin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

48 papers: 43 positive, 5 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

44 papers more in this group

See all 48 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.