Abstract
Zinc deficiencies are commonly encountered on apple and are associated with poor tree growth, yields and fruit quality. Corrective foliar sprays and/or soil applications of Zn are only partially effective and may elevate Zn in the soil to levels of regulatory concern. The goal of this work is to elucidate the feasibility of increasing the uptake and transport of Zn to the aboveground parts by constitutively overexpressing Zn transporter genes in 'M.26' apple rootstock. Clones containing the coding regions of Zn transporter genes ZNT1 or ZIP4 were ligated along with a dual 35S promoter into a pBIN+ARS plasmid vector. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was used to introduce the gene construct into in vitro apple explants of 'M.26' rootstock. The ability of three transgenic lines, T4 (ZNT1), T5 (Vector Control), T6 (ZIP4) and untransformed 'M.26', to absorb Zn were evaluated in a greenhouse, using diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) chelator-buffered nutrient solutions containing low (2 μM) or optimal (24 μM) Zn concentrations. Plants grown under the low Zn level showed Zn deficiency symptoms and had reduced growth. The over-expression of ZIP4 and ZNT1 transporter genes in 'M.26' apple rootstock had very limited and no effect on the plants' Zn nutritional status, respectively. The over-expression of ZIP4, but not the ZNT1 transporter gene, consistently increased the concentration of Ca and Cu in all roots and aboveground tissues, thus indicating enhanced uptake and transport of these elements. The fact that ZIP4 was expressed to a greater extent than ZNT1, corroborates the increased tissue nutrient concentrations of the T6 (ZIP4) line.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Low Zn produced deficiency symptoms and reduced growth in apple rootstock.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae1 - Material
- 'M.26'e1
- Treatment
- low Zn levele0
- Outcome
- Zn deficiency symptoms and had reduced growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown under the low Zn level showed Zn deficiency symptoms and had reduced growth.”
e1“constitutively overexpressing Zn transporter genes in 'M.26' apple rootstock”
Claim · model-written summary
ZIP4 overexpression had very limited effect on Zn nutritional status.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- 'M.26'e0
- Treatment
- over-expression of ZIP4e0
- Gene
- ZIP4e0
- Outcome
- Zn nutritional statuse0
- Direction
- very limitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The over-expression of ZIP4 and ZNT1 transporter genes in 'M.26' apple rootstock had very limited and no effect on the plants' Zn nutritional status, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZNT1 overexpression had no effect on Zn nutritional status.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Material
- 'M.26'e0
- Treatment
- over-expression of ZIP4 and ZNT1 transporter genese0
- Gene
- ZNT1e0
- Outcome
- Zn nutritional statuse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The over-expression of ZIP4 and ZNT1 transporter genes in 'M.26' apple rootstock had very limited and no effect on the plants' Zn nutritional status, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZIP4 overexpression increased Ca concentration in roots and aboveground tissues.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- roots and aboveground tissuese0
- Treatment
- over-expression of ZIP4e0
- Gene
- ZIP4e0
- Outcome
- concentration of Cae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ZNT1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The over-expression of ZIP4, but not the ZNT1 transporter gene, consistently increased the concentration of Ca and Cu in all roots and aboveground tissues”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
ZIP4 overexpression increased Cu concentration in roots and aboveground tissues.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- roots and aboveground tissuese0
- Treatment
- over-expression of ZIP4e0
- Gene
- ZIP4e0
- Outcome
- Cue0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ZNT1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The over-expression of ZIP4, but not the ZNT1 transporter gene, consistently increased the concentration of Ca and Cu in all roots and aboveground tissues”
t0“APPLE”
Claim · model-written summary
ZIP4 was expressed more strongly than ZNT1.
- Taxon
- APPLEMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- ZIP4e0
- Outcome
- expressed to a greater extente0
- Comparator
- ZNT1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZIP4 was expressed to a greater extent than ZNT1”
t0“APPLE”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.