Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) plants were treated with 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl. Growth parameters (length, dry weight, fresh weight and water content), biochemistry parameters (proline, proteins, amino acids, total soluble sugars and chlorophyll content), activities of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR)) as will as the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) were studied in the leaves and roots after 25 days of NaCl exposure. The results showed that growth parameters were not affected by salinity in both organs. Therefore biochemistry parameters and activities of antioxidative enzymes generally were increased in roots and leaves with increasing salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCl. Exogenous NaCl in culture medium no induced significant difference in the leaves and roots about nitrate reductase activity. In contrast, an increase in glutamine synthetase activity was noticed in these organs. Activity phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase was significantly increased by 50 mM NaCl in the leaves while in roots, it was increased only at 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl. These results suggested that the sorghum showed a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage caused by salt stress by its higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymes,GS, PEPC, accumulation of compatible organic solutes and chlorophyll.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Growth parameters in sorghum leaves and roots were not affected by salinity.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth parameters were not affected by salinity in both organs”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochemical parameters generally increased in sorghum roots and leaves with increasing salinity up to 150 mM NaCl.
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- biochemistry parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochemistry parameters and activities of antioxidative enzymes generally were increased in roots and leaves with increasing salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCl”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidative enzyme activities generally increased in sorghum roots and leaves as salinity increased up to 150 mM NaCl.
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidative enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochemistry parameters and activities of antioxidative enzymes generally were increased in roots and leaves with increasing salinity levels up to 150 mM NaCl”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl did not produce a significant difference in nitrate reductase activity in sorghum leaves or roots.
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous NaCle0
- Outcome
- nitrate reductase activitye0
- Direction
- no induced significant differencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous NaCl in culture medium no induced significant difference in the leaves and roots about nitrate reductase activity”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutamine synthetase activity increased in sorghum leaves and roots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in glutamine synthetase activity was noticed in these organs”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity increased significantly in sorghum leaves at 50 mM NaCl.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Activity phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activity phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase was significantly increased by 50 mM NaCl in the leaves”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity increased in sorghum roots only at 50 and 100 mM NaCl.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while in roots, it was increased only at 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl”
t0“Salt Stress in Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest sorghum has a protective response to salt oxidative damage involving antioxidant enzymes, GS, PEPC, organic solutes, and chlorophyll.
- Outcome
- better protection mechanism against oxidative damagee0
- Qualifier
- higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymes,GS, PEPC, accumulation of compatible organic solutes and chlorophylle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sorghum showed a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage caused by salt stress by its higher induced activities of antioxidant enzymes,GS, PEPC, accumulation of compatible organic solutes and chlorophyll”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.