Abstract
Adventitious roots (ARs) are post-embryonic roots essential for plant survival and propagation. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the auxin that controls AR formation; however, its precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is known to enhance it. Ethylene affects many auxin-dependent processes by affecting IAA synthesis, transport and/or signaling, but its role in AR formation has not been elucidated. This research investigated the role of ethylene in AR formation in dark-grown Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, and its interaction with IAA/IBA. A number of mutants/transgenic lines were exposed to various treatments, and mRNA in situ hybridizations were carried out and hormones were quantified In the wild-type, the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) at 0.1 μM enhanced AR formation when combined with IBA (10 μM), but reduced it when applied alone; this effect did not occur in the ein3eil1 ethylene-insensitive mutant. ACC inhibited the expression of the IAA-biosynthetic genes WEI2, WEI7, and YUC6, but enhanced IBA-to-IAA conversion, as shown by the response of the ech2ibr10 mutant and an increase in the endogenous levels of IAA. The ethylene effect was independent of auxin-signaling by TIR1-AFB2 and IBA-efflux by ABCG carriers, but it was dependent on IAA-influx by AUX1/LAX3.Taken together, the results demonstrate that a crosstalk involving ethylene signaling, IAA-influx, and IBA-to-IAA conversion exists between ethylene and IAA in the control of AR formation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
ACC with IBA enhanced wild-type adventitious rooting.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Material
- wild-typee0
- Treatment
- ACC) at 0.1 μMe0
- Outcome
- AR formatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- combined with IBA (10 μM)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the wild-type, the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) at 0.1 μM enhanced AR formation when combined with IBA (10 μM)”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC alone reduced wild-type adventitious rooting.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Treatment
- ACC) at 0.1 μMe1
- Outcome
- AR formatione1
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- applied alonee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but reduced it when applied alone”
e1“ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) at 0.1 μM enhanced AR formation”
e2“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The ACC rooting response did not occur in ein3eil1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- ein3eil1 ethylene-insensitive mutante0
- Outcome
- effect did not occure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this effect did not occur in the ein3eil1 ethylene-insensitive mutant”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC inhibited WEI2, WEI7 and YUC6 expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ACCe0
- Gene
- WEI2, WEI7, and YUC6e0
- Outcome
- expression of the IAA-biosynthetic genese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACC inhibited the expression of the IAA-biosynthetic genes WEI2, WEI7, and YUC6”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC enhanced IBA-to-IAA conversion.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ACCe0
- Outcome
- IBA-to-IAA conversione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ACC inhibited the expression of the IAA-biosynthetic genes WEI2, WEI7, and YUC6, but enhanced IBA-to-IAA conversion”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC increased endogenous IAA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Treatment
- ACCe1
- Outcome
- endogenous levels of IAAe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the endogenous levels of IAA”
e1“ACC inhibited the expression”
e2“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethylene effect was independent of TIR1-AFB2 auxin signaling.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- TIR1-AFB2e0
- Outcome
- ethylene effecte0
- Qualifier
- independent of auxin-signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ethylene effect was independent of auxin-signaling by TIR1-AFB2”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethylene effect was independent of IBA efflux by ABCG carriers.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Gene
- ABCG carrierse0
- Outcome
- ethylene effecte1
- Qualifier
- IBA-efflux by ABCG carrierse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IBA-efflux by ABCG carriers”
e1“The ethylene effect was independent of auxin-signaling by TIR1-AFB2 and IBA-efflux by ABCG carriers”
e2“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethylene effect depended on IAA influx through AUX1/LAX3.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- AUX1/LAX3e0
- Outcome
- dependent on IAA-influxe0
- Qualifier
- IAA-influx by AUX1/LAX3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was dependent on IAA-influx by AUX1/LAX3”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · molecular: metabolites · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · molecular: expression · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.