Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A plethora of scientific evidence showed that several plant species from the genus Allium (Alliaceae) possess multiple therapeutic effects. Present paper aimed to examine the antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of the essential oil and methanol extract Allium rotundum L. through different in vitro assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl radical (DPPH), nitric oxide as well as hydrogen peroxide scavenging, Fe2+ chelating, reducing power and also hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid peroxidation assay systems have been utilized to examine antioxidant effects of these samples. Total amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated. The antihemolytic effect was investigated against hemolysis induced by hydrogen peroxide in rat erythrocytes. Also, mineral contents of plant were evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. RESULTS: IC50 for DPPH radical-scavenging activity were 284 ± 11.64 for methanol extract and 1264 ± 45.60 µg ml-1 for essential oil, respectively. The extract has shown better reducing effects versus essential oil. The extract also demonstrated better activity in nitric oxide-scavenging activity. IC50 were 464 ± 19.68 for extract and 1093 ± 38.25 µg ml-1 for essential oil. The extract shows better activity than essential oil in Fe2+ chelating system. IC50 were 100 ± 3.75 for extract and 1223 ± 36.25 µg ml-1 for essential oil. The A. rotundum extract and essential oil showed significant H2O2 scavenging effects at dose-dependent manners. IC50 was 786 ± 29.08 mg ml-1 for essential oil. The amounts of eight elements were determined. The concentrations of elements were in the order: Mn> Fe> Zn> Cu> Ni> Cd. CONCLUSIONS: The extract showed a higher antioxidant effect in all tested models including DPPH, nitric oxide, reducing power as well as iron chelating and antihemolytic activities than essential oil. The latter showed more potent antioxidant activity in scavenging H2O2 and lipid peroxidation model. Antioxidant activities of extract may be attributed at least in part, due to its phenolic and flavonoid contents.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol extract had a lower DPPH IC50 (284 ± 11.64) than essential oil (1264 ± 45.60 µg/ml), indicating higher radical scavenging.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundum
Allium rotundumt0 - Treatment
- methanol extracte1
- Outcome
- IC50 for DPPH radical-scavenging activitye1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 284 ± 11.64e1
- Qualifier
- 1264 ± 45.60 µg ml-1e1
- Comparator
- essential oile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e1“IC50 for DPPH radical-scavenging activity were 284 ± 11.64 for methanol extract and 1264 ± 45.60 µg ml-1 for essential oil, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed better reducing effects than essential oil.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Treatment
- extracte2
- Outcome
- reducing effectse2
- Direction
- bettere2
- Comparator
- essential oile2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e2“The extract has shown better reducing effects versus essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed better nitric oxide-scavenging activity than essential oil, with IC50 464 ± 19.68 for extract and 1093 ± 38.25 µg/ml for essential oil.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Treatment
- extracte3
- Outcome
- nitric oxide-scavenging activitye3
- Direction
- bettere3
- Value
- 464 ± 19.68e3
- Qualifier
- 1093 ± 38.25 µg ml-1e3
- Comparator
- essential oile3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e3“The extract also demonstrated better activity in nitric oxide-scavenging activity. IC50 were 464 ± 19.68 for extract and 1093 ± 38.25 µg ml-1 for essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed better Fe2+ chelating activity than essential oil, with IC50 100 ± 3.75 for extract and 1223 ± 36.25 µg/ml for essential oil.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Treatment
- extracte4
- Outcome
- Fe2+ chelating systeme4
- Direction
- bettere4
- Value
- 100 ± 3.75e4
- Qualifier
- 1223 ± 36.25 µg ml-1e4
- Comparator
- essential oile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e4“The extract shows better activity than essential oil in Fe2+ chelating system. IC50 were 100 ± 3.75 for extract and 1223 ± 36.25 µg ml-1 for essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract and essential oil of A. rotundum both showed significant, dose-dependent H2O2 scavenging effects.
- Taxon
- A. rotundumAllium rotundume5
- Outcome
- H2O2 scavenging effectse5
- Qualifier
- dose-dependent mannerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The A. rotundum extract and essential oil showed significant H2O2 scavenging effects at dose-dependent manners”
Claim · model-written summary
The IC50 of essential oil for H2O2 scavenging was 786 ± 29.08 mg/ml.
- Taxon
- A. rotundumAllium rotundume5
- Material
- essential oile6
- Outcome
- H2O2 scavenging effectse5
- Value
- 786 ± 29.08 mg ml-1e6
- Qualifier
- IC50e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The A. rotundum extract and essential oil showed significant H2O2 scavenging effects at dose-dependent manners”
e6“IC50 was 786 ± 29.08 mg ml-1 for essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
The concentrations of eight elements in Allium rotundum were in the order Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Outcome
- concentrations of elementse7
- Value
- Mn> Fe> Zn> Cu> Ni> Cde7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e7“The concentrations of elements were in the order: Mn> Fe> Zn> Cu> Ni> Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed a higher antioxidant effect than essential oil in all tested models.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Treatment
- extracte1
- Outcome
- antioxidant effect in all tested modelse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- including DPPH, nitric oxide, reducing power as well as iron chelating and antihemolytic activitiese1
- Comparator
- essential oile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e1“The extract showed a higher antioxidant effect in all tested models including DPPH, nitric oxide, reducing power as well as iron chelating and antihemolytic activities than essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oil showed more potent antioxidant activity than the extract in scavenging H2O2 and in the lipid peroxidation model.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Treatment
- essential oile1
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity in scavenging H2O2 and lipid peroxidation modele2
- Direction
- more potente2
- Comparator
- extracte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e1“The extract showed a higher antioxidant effect in all tested models including DPPH, nitric oxide, reducing power as well as iron chelating and antihemolytic activities than essential oil”
e2“The latter showed more potent antioxidant activity in scavenging H2O2 and lipid peroxidation model”
Claim · model-written summary
The antioxidant activity of the extract may be attributed in part to its phenolic and flavonoid contents.
- Taxon
- Allium rotundumAllium rotundumt0
- Compound
- phenolic and flavonoid contentse1
- Outcome
- Antioxidant activities of extracte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allium rotundum L.”
e1“Antioxidant activities of extract may be attributed at least in part, due to its phenolic and flavonoid contents”