Abstract
The effects of foliar spray application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the growth, nitrogen metabolism, and ion distribution of salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings were investigated. Supplementation of the nutrient solution with 100 mM NaCl significantly reduced leaf and root biomass of watermelon plants. Foliar application of 1.25 mM ALA significantly alleviated the inhibition of plant growth under salt stress. Salinity induced significant accumulation of nitrate, ammonium, and soluble protein and a significant decrease in the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in watermelon plants. However, ALA significantly increased the activities of NR, GS, GOGAT, and GDH, but decreased the ammonium content and NiR activity. In addition, salt stress resulted in significant accumulation of Na + and Cl − in plants, but decreased the contents of K + and Mg 2+ . Application of ALA alleviated the salt stress-induced ion toxicity, and increased the contents of K + and Mg 2+ . ALA also increased soluble protein and proline contents in salt-stressed watermelon plants. These results indicated that application of ALA alleviated the accumulation of Na + and Cl − in salt-stressed watermelon plants, especially through regulating nitrogen metabolism and ion distribution, which were associated with an improvement in plant growth.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl at 100 mM reduced leaf and root biomass of watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse1 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCle2
- Outcome
- leaf and root biomasse2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e2“Supplementation of the nutrient solution with 100 mM NaCl significantly reduced leaf and root biomass of watermelon plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of 1.25 mM ALA alleviated the inhibition of watermelon growth under salt stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Foliar application of 1.25 mM ALAe3
- Outcome
- inhibition of plant growthe3
- Direction
- alleviatede3
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e3“Foliar application of 1.25 mM ALA significantly alleviated the inhibition of plant growth under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity induced accumulation of nitrate, ammonium and soluble protein in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Salinitye4
- Outcome
- accumulation of nitrate, ammonium, and soluble proteine4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“Salinity induced significant accumulation of nitrate, ammonium, and soluble protein”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased the activities of NR, NiR and GS in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Salinitye4
- Outcome
- activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS)e5
- Direction
- decreasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“Salinity induced significant accumulation of nitrate, ammonium, and soluble protein”
e5“a significant decrease in the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased the activities of GOGAT and GDH in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Salinitye4
- Outcome
- glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)e5
- Direction
- decreasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“Salinity induced significant accumulation of nitrate, ammonium, and soluble protein”
e5“a significant decrease in the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased the activities of NR, GS and GOGAT in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- ALAe6
- Outcome
- activities of NR, GS, GOGATe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e6“ALA significantly increased the activities of NR, GS, GOGAT, and GDH”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased the activity of GDH in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- ALAe6
- Outcome
- GDHe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e6“ALA significantly increased the activities of NR, GS, GOGAT, and GDH”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA decreased ammonium content and NiR activity in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- ALAe6
- Outcome
- ammonium content and NiR activitye7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e7“but decreased the ammonium content and NiR activity”
e6“ALA significantly increased the activities of NR, GS, GOGAT, and GDH”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased accumulation of Na + and Cl − in watermelon plants.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- salt stresse2
- Outcome
- accumulation of Na + and Cl −e2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Qualifier
- significante2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e2“salt stress resulted in significant accumulation of Na + and Cl − in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress decreased the contents of K + and Mg 2+ in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- salt stresse2
- Outcome
- contents of K + and Mg 2+e3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e2“salt stress resulted in significant accumulation of Na + and Cl − in plants”
e3“but decreased the contents of K + and Mg 2+”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased the contents of K + and Mg 2+ in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Application of ALAe4
- Outcome
- contents of K + and Mg 2+e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- salt stresse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“Application of ALA alleviated the salt stress-induced ion toxicity, and increased the contents of K + and Mg 2+”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA alleviated salt stress-induced ion toxicity in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- Application of ALAe4
- Outcome
- ion toxicitye4
- Direction
- alleviatede4
- Comparator
- salt stresse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“Application of ALA alleviated the salt stress-induced ion toxicity, and increased the contents of K + and Mg 2+”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA increased soluble protein and proline contents in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- ALAe4
- Outcome
- soluble protein and proline contentse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- salt-stressed watermelon plantse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“ALA also increased soluble protein and proline contents in salt-stressed watermelon plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of ALA alleviated accumulation of Na + and Cl − in salt-stressed watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- application of ALAe4
- Outcome
- accumulation of Na + and Cl −e4
- Direction
- alleviatede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“application of ALA alleviated the accumulation of Na + and Cl − in salt-stressed watermelon plants”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA improvement of watermelon growth is associated with regulated nitrogen metabolism and ion distribution.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Outcome
- improvement in plant growthe4
- Qualifier
- regulating nitrogen metabolism and ion distributione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“salt-stressed watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai) seedlings”
e4“especially through regulating nitrogen metabolism and ion distribution, which were associated with an improvement in plant growth”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →5-aminolevulinic acid · physiology: enzyme activity · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · disease · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →salinity · physiology: enzyme activity · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
salinity · molecular: metabolites · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
salinity · nutrient: content · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.