Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary toxic metabolites widely present in grains and grain products. In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated. Results indicated that EBI significantly affected ZEN and OTA. The degradation rates of ZEN and OTA at 10 kGy in solution were 65.6% and 75.2%, respectively. The initial amounts significantly affected the degradation rate. ZEN and OTA in corn were decreased by the irradiation dose, and their degradation rates at 50 kGy were 71.1% and 67.9%, respectively. ZEN and OTA were more easily degraded in corn kernel than in corn flour. Moisture content (MC) played a vital role in ZEN and OTA degradation. High MC was attributed to high ZEN and OTA degradation. The quality of irradiated corn was evaluated on the basis of irradiation dose. L* value changed, but this change was not significant (p > 0.05). By contrast, a* and b* decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with irradiation dose. The fatty acid value increased significantly. The pasting properties, including peak, trough, breakdown, and final and setback viscosities, were also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) by irradiation. Our study verified that EBI could effectively degrade ZEN and OTA in corn. Irradiation could also affect corn quality.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Electron beam irradiation significantly affected ZEN and OTA in corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- electron beam irradiation (EBI)e0
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTAe1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e1“Results indicated that EBI significantly affected ZEN and OTA”
Claim · model-written summary
At 10 kGy in solution, ZEN and OTA degradation rates were 65.6% and 75.2%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 10 kGye2
- Outcome
- degradation rates of ZEN and OTAe2
- Value
- 65.6% and 75.2%e2
- Setting
- in solutione2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e2“The degradation rates of ZEN and OTA at 10 kGy in solution were 65.6% and 75.2%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ZEN and OTA in corn decreased with irradiation dose.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiation dosee3
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTAe3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e3“ZEN and OTA in corn were decreased by the irradiation dose, and their degradation rates at 50 kGy were 71.1% and 67.9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 kGy, the ZEN degradation rate in corn was 71.1%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 50 kGye3
- Outcome
- degradation ratese3
- Value
- 71.1%e3
- Qualifier
- ZENe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e3“ZEN and OTA in corn were decreased by the irradiation dose, and their degradation rates at 50 kGy were 71.1% and 67.9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 kGy, the OTA degradation rate in corn was 67.9%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 50 kGye3
- Outcome
- degradation ratese3
- Value
- 67.9%e3
- Qualifier
- OTAe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e3“ZEN and OTA in corn were decreased by the irradiation dose, and their degradation rates at 50 kGy were 71.1% and 67.9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher moisture content was associated with higher ZEN and OTA degradation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Moisture content (MC)e5
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTA degradatione5
- Direction
- highe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e5“Moisture content (MC) played a vital role in ZEN and OTA degradation. High MC was attributed to high ZEN and OTA degradation”
Claim · model-written summary
ZEN and OTA were more easily degraded in corn kernel than in corn flour.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- corn kernele4
- Treatment
- corn kernele4
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTAe4
- Direction
- more easily degradede4
- Comparator
- corn floure4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e4“ZEN and OTA were more easily degraded in corn kernel than in corn flour”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation dose changed the L* value of corn, but not significantly.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiation dosee7
- Outcome
- L* valuee6
- Direction
- changede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e6“L* value changed, but this change was not significant (p > 0.05)”
e7“The quality of irradiated corn was evaluated on the basis of irradiation dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation dose decreased a* and b* values of corn significantly.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiation dosee7
- Outcome
- a* and b*e7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e7“By contrast, a* and b* decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with irradiation dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation significantly increased the fatty acid value of corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiation dosee2
- Outcome
- fatty acid valuee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e1“The fatty acid value increased significantly”
e2“The quality of irradiated corn was evaluated on the basis of irradiation dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation significantly reduced the peak, trough and breakdown viscosities of corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiatione1
- Outcome
- peak, trough, breakdowne1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e1“The pasting properties, including peak, trough, breakdown, and final and setback viscosities, were also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) by irradiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation significantly reduced the final and setback viscosities of corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irradiatione1
- Outcome
- final and setback viscositiese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this study, the effects of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on ZEN and OTA in corn and the quality of irradiated corn were investigated”
e1“The pasting properties, including peak, trough, breakdown, and final and setback viscosities, were also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) by irradiation”
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