Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during the rabi season of 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar) to assess the effect of integrated weed management practices on weed dynamics, productivity and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.). Results revealed that weed management practices had positive influence on growth, yield attributes, yields and nutrient uptake of maize. Significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and weed control efficiency (WCE %) were recorded in zero tillage (ZT) compared with conventional tillage (CT). Among the chemical weed control practices, ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine + Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. and ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone +Atrazine @ (40 ml + 500 g a.i./ha) as post-em. proved equally effective in increasing the growth and yield attributes, yields, economic advantage and recorded higher N, P and K uptake by maize, 22.7 to 24, 37.2 to 38.6 and 20.6 to 20.8%, respectively compared with unweeded check. The maximum grain yield of (8.92 t/ha) was recorded under 2 HW at 15 and 30 DAS and performed statistically at par in grain yield obtained with ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+Halosulfuran (1.0 kg+90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. (8.90 t/ha), CT-Acetochlor @ (3.0 lit. a.i./ha) as pre-em. (8.57 t/ha), ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone+Atrazine (40 ml + 500 g a.i. /ha) as post-em. (8.45 t/ha) and these grain yield was significantly superior to the rest of weed management practices. The highest net return Rs.55767/ha was noted in ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+ Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. and the maximum B: C ratio of 1.98 was recorded under ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Maize+ Lathyrus as intercrop.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Weed management practices positively influenced maize growth and yield attributes.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management practices had positive influence on growth, yield attributes, yields and nutrient uptake of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed management practices positively influenced maize yields.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management practices had positive influence on growth, yield attributes, yields and nutrient uptake of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed management practices positively influenced maize nutrient uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management practices had positive influence on growth, yield attributes, yields and nutrient uptake of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage had significantly lower weed density than conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- zero tillage (ZT)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and weed control efficiency (WCE %) were recorded in zero tillage (ZT) compared with conventional tillage (CT)”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage had significantly lower weed dry weight than conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- zero tillage (ZT)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and weed control efficiency (WCE %) were recorded in zero tillage (ZT) compared with conventional tillage (CT)”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage had significantly lower weed control efficiency than conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- zero tillage (ZT)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency (WCE %)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and weed control efficiency (WCE %) were recorded in zero tillage (ZT) compared with conventional tillage (CT)”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate then atrazine plus halosulfuran increased maize growth and yield attributes, yields and economic advantage versus unweeded check.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine + Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em.e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes, yields, economic advantagee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine + Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. and ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone +Atrazine @ (40 ml + 500 g a.i./ha) as post-em. proved equally effective in increasing the growth and yield attributes, yields, economic advantage”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate then topramezone plus atrazine increased maize growth and yield attributes, yields and economic advantage.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone +Atrazine @ (40 ml + 500 g a.i./ha) as post-em.e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes, yields, economic advantagee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine + Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. and ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone +Atrazine @ (40 ml + 500 g a.i./ha) as post-em. proved equally effective in increasing the growth and yield attributes, yields, economic advantage”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The chemical regimes increased maize N uptake 22.7 to 24% versus unweeded check.
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recorded higher N, P and K uptake by maize, 22.7 to 24, 37.2 to 38.6 and 20.6 to 20.8%, respectively compared with unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
The chemical regimes increased maize P uptake 37.2 to 38.6% versus unweeded check.
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher N, P and K uptake by maize, 22.7 to 24, 37.2 to 38.6 and 20.6 to 20.8%, respectively compared with unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
The chemical regimes increased maize K uptake 20.6 to 20.8% versus unweeded check.
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher N, P and K uptake by maize, 22.7 to 24, 37.2 to 38.6 and 20.6 to 20.8%, respectively compared with unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS gave the maximum grain yield of 8.92 t/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum grain yield of (8.92 t/ha) was recorded under 2 HW at 15 and 30 DAS”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate then atrazine plus halosulfuran gave 8.90 t/ha grain yield, statistically at par with two hand weedings.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+Halosulfuran (1.0 kg+90 g a.i./ha) as post-em.e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Value
- 8.90 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield obtained with ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+Halosulfuran (1.0 kg+90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. (8.90 t/ha)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor under conventional tillage gave 8.57 t/ha grain yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield obtained with ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+Halosulfuran (1.0 kg+90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. (8.90 t/ha), CT-Acetochlor @ (3.0 lit. a.i./ha) as pre-em. (8.57 t/ha)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate then topramezone plus atrazine gave 8.45 t/ha grain yield.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone+Atrazine (40 ml + 500 g a.i. /ha) as post-em.e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Value
- 8.45 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield obtained with ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+Halosulfuran (1.0 kg+90 g a.i./ha) as post-em. (8.90 t/ha), CT-Acetochlor @ (3.0 lit. a.i./ha) as pre-em. (8.57 t/ha), ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Topramezone+Atrazine (40 ml + 500 g a.i. /ha) as post-em. (8.45 t/ha)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield under the four leading regimes was significantly superior to the remaining practices.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these grain yield was significantly superior to the rest of weed management practices”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate then atrazine plus halosulfuran gave the highest net return, Rs.55767/ha.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+ Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em.e0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- Rs.55767/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net return Rs.55767/ha was noted in ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Atrazine+ Halosulfuran (1.0 kg + 90 g a.i./ha) as post-em.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The maize-Lathyrus intercrop after pre-plant glyphosate gave the maximum benefit-cost ratio of 1.98.
- Treatment
- ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Maize+ Lathyrus as intercrope0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.98e0
LathyrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum B: C ratio of 1.98 was recorded under ZT-Glyphosate pre-plant followed by Maize+ Lathyrus as intercrop”
t0“maize”
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