Abstract
1. The studies presented here were undertaken to determine the effects of manganese in the nutrient solution and of the defoliation of old leaves on 1-year-old shoots, on the dry weight and manganese contents in each old part which had been produced before the treatments.2. Thirty, 18-month-old Satsuma orange trees on trifoliate orange rootstocks were transferred to the greenhouse on early of November 1966, and grown in the nutrient solution lacking minor elements. On the 11th in January, 1967, when the growth of the flush started, the trees were cut to 3 shoots and allowed to grow until the treatments were started. On the 20th in May, just before the growth of the second flush started, uniform 24 plants were selected and divided into four groups. Treatments consisted of containing (+) or lacking (-) manganese in the nutrient solution in combination with defoliating or non-defoliating their old leaves. Four trees having new good flushes were harvested from each treatment on the 12th in July and were separated into each part and analyzed total manganese contents.3. No differences numbers of new leaves on a plant were found, but dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.4. Manganese concentrations of new leaves from plants lacking their old leaves were higher significantly than those of plants having their old leaves in both manganese treatments.5. Excluding the fine roots, manganese concentrations and absolute manganese contents in the old parts reduced greatly in the non-defoliated plants than the defoliated plants in the minus manganese treatment. While in the plus manganese treatment, absolute manganese contents were higher in almost all parts of the non-defoliated plants than those of the defoliated plants.6. Above results suggested that the manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress, and that the manganese concentrations of newly developed parts were influenced by the growth ratio of new parts to old parts. In contrast, under adequate manganese, manganese in the newly developing parts was occupied with newly absorbed manganese as a result of continued distribution rather than redistribution.7. These confirm the facts in the above field observations.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Old-leaf removal did not change the number of new leaves.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange trees
Citrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences numbers of new leaves on a plant were found”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Old-leaf removal reduced new-leaf dry weight and leaf size.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliated trees had significantly higher manganese concentration in new leaves under both manganese treatments.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manganese concentrations of new leaves from plants lacking their old leaves were higher significantly than those of plants having their old leaves in both manganese treatments.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under manganese deficiency, non-defoliated trees had much lower old-part manganese concentrations than defoliated trees, apart from fine roots.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excluding the fine roots, manganese concentrations and absolute manganese contents in the old parts reduced greatly in the non-defoliated plants than the defoliated plants in the minus manganese treatment.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under manganese deficiency, non-defoliated trees had much lower absolute old-part manganese content than defoliated trees.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excluding the fine roots, manganese concentrations and absolute manganese contents in the old parts reduced greatly in the non-defoliated plants than the defoliated plants in the minus manganese treatment.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
With manganese supplied, non-defoliated trees had higher absolute manganese content in almost all parts.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“absolute manganese contents were higher in almost all parts of the non-defoliated plants than those of the defoliated plants.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under manganese stress, manganese was interpreted as redistributed from old to developing parts.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0
- Organ / stage
- old partse0
- Outcome
- redistributed from old parts to newly developing partse0
- Qualifier
- manganese stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese concentration in new parts was interpreted as influenced by the growth ratio of new to old parts.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“manganese concentrations of newly developed parts were influenced by the growth ratio of new parts to old parts.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under adequate manganese, newly developing parts were interpreted as supplied mainly by newly absorbed manganese.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orange treesCitrus unshiue0t0e1e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under adequate manganese, manganese in the newly developing parts was occupied with newly absorbed manganese as a result of continued distribution rather than redistribution.”
t0“Citrus”
e1“manganes was redistributed from old parts to newly developing parts in Satsuma orange trees grown under manganese stress”
e2“dry weights of new leaves were reduced by the defoliating of old leaves, resulting in small leaves, compared with the non-defoliating of old leaves.”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · growth · Citrus unshiu (satsuma mandarin)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.