Abstract
Pea mosaic virus caused more damage to Pisum sativum cv. Sutton Phenomenon than either Meloidogyne incognita or Rhizoctonia solani. All three pathogens individually suppressed nodulation but R. solani had the greatest effect. Greatest plant growth reduction but least nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation were caused by simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogens. Nematode-virus combinations were more damaging than nematode-fungus combinations. Simultaneous inoculation with either nematode-virus or nematode-fungus and nematode inoculation preceding either virus or fungus caused more damage than prior inoculations either with fungus or virus followed by nematodes 10 days later. M. incognita and R. solani, together, acted synergistically to reduce plant growth. R. solani, singly or in different combinations with nematodes, and prior virus inoculation followed by nematodes 10 days later, produced an inhibitory effect on nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation while simultaneous nematode-virus inoculation or nematode inoculation followed by virus 10 days later significantly increased nematode multiplication and root galling. Virus-fungus combinations caused greater damage when fungus inoculation preceded virus but was reversed when virus preceded fungus inoculation. Virus-fungus combinations showed a slight additive effect on plant growth reduction but the virus inhibited fungus development and thus its pathogenic effect.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Pea mosaic virus damaged pea more than the nematode or fungus.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Material
- Sutton Phenomenone0
- Interactor
- Pea mosaic virus
Bean yellow mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- damage to Pisum sativume0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- Meloidogyne incognita or Rhizoctonia solanie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea mosaic virus caused more damage to Pisum sativum cv. Sutton Phenomenon than either Meloidogyne incognita or Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Each of the three pathogens suppressed pea nodulation, with the greatest effect from R. solani.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- nodulatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All three pathogens individually suppressed nodulation but R. solani had the greatest effect”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous triple inoculation caused the greatest plant growth reduction.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogense0
- Outcome
- plant growth reductione0
- Direction
- Greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greatest plant growth reduction but least nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation were caused by simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogens”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Triple inoculation caused the least nematode multiplication and root-knot development.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogense0
- Outcome
- nematode mutiplication, root-knot developmente0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greatest plant growth reduction but least nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation were caused by simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogens”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Triple inoculation caused the least nodulation.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogense0
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greatest plant growth reduction but least nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation were caused by simultaneous inoculations with all three pathogens”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode-virus combinations were more damaging than nematode-fungus combinations.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- more damaginge0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- nematode-fungus combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nematode-virus combinations were more damaging than nematode-fungus combinations”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous or nematode-first combinations caused more damage than fungus- or virus-first combinations.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- prior inoculations either with fungus or virus followed by nematodes 10 days latere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simultaneous inoculation with either nematode-virus or nematode-fungus and nematode inoculation preceding either virus or fungus caused more damage than prior inoculations either with fungus or virus followed by nematodes 10 days later”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita and R. solani synergistically reduced pea growth.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Second interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“M. incognita and R. solani, together, acted synergistically to reduce plant growth”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
R. solani alone or with nematodes, and virus-first treatment, inhibited nematode multiplication, root-knot development and nodulation.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. solani, singly or in different combinations with nematodes, and prior virus inoculation followed by nematodes 10 days later, produced an inhibitory effect on nematode mutiplication, root-knot development and nodulation”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous nematode-virus inoculation or nematode-first virus inoculation significantly raised nematode multiplication and root galling.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- simultaneous nematode-virus inoculation or nematode inoculation followed by virus 10 days latere0
- Outcome
- nematode multiplication and root gallinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simultaneous nematode-virus inoculation or nematode inoculation followed by virus 10 days later significantly increased nematode multiplication and root galling”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-fungus combinations caused more damage when fungus preceded virus.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- fungus inoculation preceded viruse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Virus-fungus combinations caused greater damage when fungus inoculation preceded virus but was reversed when virus preceded fungus inoculation”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-fungus combinations had a slight additive effect on plant growth reduction.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- plant growth reductione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Virus-fungus combinations showed a slight additive effect on plant growth reduction”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus inhibited fungus development and pathogenic effect.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungus developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the virus inhibited fungus development and thus its pathogenic effect”
t0“Pisum sativum”
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