Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during 201112 and 201213 at the research farm of IGAR-lndian Agricul- tural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, in sandy-loam soil, to study effect of conservation agriculture practices and irrigation scheduling on productivity and water-use effi0ienoy of maize (Zea mays L.)wheat [Triticum aestivum (L) emend. Fiori & Paol.l cropping system. The grain yield of maize was significantly higher under raised bed (RB) planting to the tune of 13.3% over conventional tillage (CT) during both the years. The increase in irriga- tion water-use efficiency (IWUE) of maize was 4046% and higher with RB and zero tillage (ZT) over CT respectively. Residue retention was more beneficial under RB than residue incorporation in CT. In wheat, 613% higher grain yield under RB was found in comparison to GT. The increase in IWI-JE of wheat was found higher in RB (3240%) compared to ZT (812%) over CT, as the grain yield was more with per unit of water applied under RB- The highest system productivity was recorded under RB (9.92 and 9.80 t/ha) followed by ZT (9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha) and the minimum under GT (8.63 and 8.84 t/ha during 201112 and 201213 respectively) during both the years. The yield of crops and system productivity improved owing to application of crop residue. The results also revealed that system productivity of maizewheat cropping system was significantly influenced because of ditfer- ent irrigation scheduling during both the years. Adoption of RB with crop residue along with 40% available soil- moisture depletion (ASMD) can be recommended for improving resource-use efficiency and productivity of maize wheat cropping system.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased maize grain yield by 13.3% over conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- raised bed (RB) plantinge0
- Outcome
- grain yield of maizee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 13.3%e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage (CT)e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield of maize was significantly higher under raised bed (RB) planting to the tune of 13.3% over conventional tillage (CT) during both the years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds improved maize irrigation water-use efficiency over conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- RBe0
- Outcome
- irriga- tion water-use efficiency (IWUE) of maizee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4046%e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in irriga- tion water-use efficiency (IWUE) of maize was 4046% and higher with RB and zero tillage (ZT) over CT respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage improved maize irrigation water-use efficiency over conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- zero tillage (ZT)e0
- Outcome
- irriga- tion water-use efficiency (IWUE) of maizee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in irriga- tion water-use efficiency (IWUE) of maize was 4046% and higher with RB and zero tillage (ZT) over CT respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue retention benefited raised beds more than residue incorporation in conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- Residue retentione0
- Outcome
- more beneficiale0
- Direction
- more beneficiale0
- Comparator
- residue incorporation in CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residue retention was more beneficial under RB than residue incorporation in CT.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased wheat grain yield over GT.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- RBe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 613%e0
- Comparator
- GTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In wheat, 613% higher grain yield under RB was found in comparison to GT.”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds improved wheat irrigation water-use efficiency over CT.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- RBe0
- Outcome
- IWI-JE of wheate0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3240%e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in IWI-JE of wheat was found higher in RB (3240%) compared to ZT (812%) over CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage improved wheat irrigation water-use efficiency over CT.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ZTe0
- Outcome
- IWI-JE of wheate0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 812%e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in IWI-JE of wheat was found higher in RB (3240%) compared to ZT (812%) over CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds gave the highest system productivity in 201112.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest system productivity was recorded under RB (9.92 and 9.80 t/ha) followed by ZT (9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha) and the minimum under GT (8.63 and 8.84 t/ha during 201112 and 201213 respectively) during both the years.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds gave the highest system productivity in 201213.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest system productivity was recorded under RB (9.92 and 9.80 t/ha) followed by ZT (9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha) and the minimum under GT (8.63 and 8.84 t/ha during 201112 and 201213 respectively) during both the years.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage yielded system productivity of 9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha in the two years.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest system productivity was recorded under RB (9.92 and 9.80 t/ha) followed by ZT (9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha) and the minimum under GT (8.63 and 8.84 t/ha during 201112 and 201213 respectively) during both the years.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
GT gave minimum system productivity in the two years.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest system productivity was recorded under RB (9.92 and 9.80 t/ha) followed by ZT (9.08 and 9.04 t/ ha) and the minimum under GT (8.63 and 8.84 t/ha during 201112 and 201213 respectively) during both the years.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residue improved crop yields and system productivity.
- Treatment
- application of crop residuee0
- Outcome
- yield of crops and system productivitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield of crops and system productivity improved owing to application of crop residue.”
t0“maize (Zea mays)wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation scheduling significantly influenced system productivity.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“system productivity of maizewheat cropping system was significantly influenced because of ditfer- ent irrigation scheduling during both the years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds with crop residue and 40% soil-moisture depletion were recommended for resource-use efficiency and productivity.
Verbatim
e0“Adoption of RB with crop residue along with 40% available soil- moisture depletion (ASMD) can be recommended for improving resource-use efficiency and productivity of maize wheat cropping system.”
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