Abstract
It has been hypothesized that plants can get beneficial trade-offs from viral infections when grown under drought conditions. However, experimental support for a positive correlation between virus-induced drought tolerance and increased host fitness is scarce. We investigated whether increased virulence exhibited by the synergistic interaction involving Potato virus X (PVX) and Plum pox virus (PPV) improves tolerance to drought and host fitness in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana. Infection by the pair PPV/PVX and by PPV expressing the virulence protein P25 of PVX conferred an enhanced drought-tolerant phenotype compared with single infections with either PPV or PVX. Decreased transpiration rates in virus-infected plants were correlated with drought tolerance in N. benthamiana but not in Arabidopsis. Metabolite and hormonal profiles of Arabidopsis plants infected with the different viruses showed a range of changes that positively correlated with a greater impact on drought tolerance. Virus infection enhanced drought tolerance in both species by increasing salicylic acid accumulation in an abscisic acid-independent manner. Viable offspring derived from Arabidopsis plants infected with PPV increased relative to non-infected plants, when exposed to drought. By contrast, the detrimental effect caused by the more virulent viruses overcame potential benefits associated with increased drought tolerance on host fitness.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Co-infection by PPV and PVX conferred enhanced drought tolerance compared with single infections.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Infection by the pair PPV/PVXe1
- Interactor
- PPVe1pathogen
- Second interactor
- PVXPotato virus Xe1pathogen
- Outcome
- drought-tolerant phenotypee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- single infections with either PPV or PVXe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated whether increased virulence exhibited by the synergistic interaction involving Potato virus X (PVX) and Plum pox virus (PPV) improves tolerance to drought and host fitness in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Infection by the pair PPV/PVX and by PPV expressing the virulence protein P25 of PVX conferred an enhanced drought-tolerant phenotype compared with single infections with either PPV or PVX”
Claim · model-written summary
In N. benthamiana, decreased transpiration rates in virus-infected plants were correlated with drought tolerance.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- virus-infected plantse2
- Outcome
- transpiration ratese2
- Direction
- Decreasede2
- Qualifier
- correlated with drought tolerancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Decreased transpiration rates in virus-infected plants were correlated with drought tolerance in N. benthamiana but not in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
In Arabidopsis, transpiration rates in virus-infected plants were not correlated with drought tolerance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise2
- Treatment
- virus-infected plantse2
- Outcome
- transpiration ratese2
- Qualifier
- but not in Arabidopsise2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Decreased transpiration rates in virus-infected plants were correlated with drought tolerance in N. benthamiana but not in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolite and hormonal profile changes in virus-infected Arabidopsis were positively correlated with a greater impact on drought tolerance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- infected with the different virusese3
- Outcome
- Metabolite and hormonal profilese3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Qualifier
- greater impact on drought tolerancee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Metabolite and hormonal profiles of Arabidopsis plants infected with the different viruses showed a range of changes that positively correlated with a greater impact on drought tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus infection enhanced drought tolerance in both species by increasing salicylic acid accumulation in an abscisic acid-independent manner.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Virus infectione4
- Compound
- salicylic acide4
- Outcome
- drought tolerancee4
- Qualifier
- in an abscisic acid-independent mannere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated whether increased virulence exhibited by the synergistic interaction involving Potato virus X (PVX) and Plum pox virus (PPV) improves tolerance to drought and host fitness in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana”
e4“Virus infection enhanced drought tolerance in both species by increasing salicylic acid accumulation in an abscisic acid-independent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Viable offspring of Arabidopsis infected with PPV increased relative to non-infected plants under drought.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise5
- Treatment
- infected with PPVe5
- Interactor
- PPVe5pathogen
- Outcome
- Viable offspringe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- when exposed to droughte5
- Comparator
- non-infected plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Viable offspring derived from Arabidopsis plants infected with PPV increased relative to non-infected plants, when exposed to drought”
Claim · model-written summary
The detrimental effect of more virulent viruses overcame the drought-tolerance benefit for host fitness.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- more virulent virusese6
- Outcome
- host fitnesse6
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated whether increased virulence exhibited by the synergistic interaction involving Potato virus X (PVX) and Plum pox virus (PPV) improves tolerance to drought and host fitness in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana”
e6“the detrimental effect caused by the more virulent viruses overcame potential benefits associated with increased drought tolerance on host fitness”
The same questions in other papers
infection · pest · ArabidopsisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.