Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of tillage, crop residue and fertilizer management on maize-chickpea cropping system from 2007–08 to 2013–14 at Agricultural Research Station, Siruguppa, Karnataka, India. The experiment was conducted in deep black soil with split-split plot design and treatments were replicated thrice. The experiment included 24 treatment combinations of four tillage practices viz., Conventional tillage (M1), Reduced tillage (M2), Zero tillage (M3) and Bed planting (M4) were assigned to main plots, three crop residue managements viz., Burning (S1), Retention (S2) and Retrieval (S3) were to sub-plots and three fertilizer managements viz., T1: Recommended N, P2O5K2O (150: 75: 37.5 kg/ha for maize and 25: 50: 00 kg/ha for chickpea), T2: T1+25% RDN and T3: T2+micronutrients (S-50 kg/ha and ZnSO4-20 kg/ha) for sub-sub plots. The hybrid maize (NK 6240) was sown in the first fortnight of July and after harvest of the maize crop, chickpea (JG 11) was sown during the fourth week of November or first week of December in each year. The pooled yield of maize and chickpea over six years was significantly influenced by tillage and fertilizer management practices. Among the different practices, the higher maize and chickpea grain yield of 6434 and 1236 kg/ha was recorded in bed planting in tillage practices and 6388 and 1192 kg/ha in 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practices, respectively, when compared to other management practices. Similarly, the significantly higher pooled total maize equivalent yield (TMEY, 8887 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.4 kg/ha/day) were recorded with bed planting compared to other tillage practices and it was at par with conventional tillage. Retrieval method of residue management practice recorded significantly superior TMEY (8590 kg/ha) and system productivity (23.5 kg/ha/day) compared to retention of residue on land. Application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 produced significantly higher TMEY (8779 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.1 kg/ha/day) as compared to application of 100% RDF. Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year).
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled yield of maize and chickpea over six years was significantly influenced by tillage and fertilizer management practices.
- Taxon
- maize and chickpea
Cicer arietinum
Zea mayse0 - Treatment
- tillage and fertilizer management practicese0
- Outcome
- pooled yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pooled yield of maize and chickpea over six years was significantly influenced by tillage and fertilizer management practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield was higher with bed planting (6434 kg/ha) than other management practices.
- Treatment
- bed planting in tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6434e0
- Comparator
- other management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher maize and chickpea grain yield of 6434 and 1236 kg/ha was recorded in bed planting in tillage practices and 6388 and 1192 kg/ha in 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practices, respectively, when compared to other management practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea grain yield was higher with bed planting (1236 kg/ha) than other management practices.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- bed planting in tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1236 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- other management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher maize and chickpea grain yield of 6434 and 1236 kg/ha was recorded in bed planting in tillage practices and 6388 and 1192 kg/ha in 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practices, respectively, when compared to other management practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield was higher with 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application (6388 kg/ha) than other management practices.
- Treatment
- 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practicese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 6388e0
- Comparator
- other management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher maize and chickpea grain yield of 6434 and 1236 kg/ha was recorded in bed planting in tillage practices and 6388 and 1192 kg/ha in 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practices, respectively, when compared to other management practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea grain yield was higher with 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application (1192 kg/ha) than other management practices.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practicese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1192 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- other management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher maize and chickpea grain yield of 6434 and 1236 kg/ha was recorded in bed planting in tillage practices and 6388 and 1192 kg/ha in 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 application in fertilizer management practices, respectively, when compared to other management practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled total maize equivalent yield was significantly higher with bed planting (8887 kg/ha) than other tillage practices, at par with conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“the significantly higher pooled total maize equivalent yield (TMEY, 8887 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.4 kg/ha/day) were recorded with bed planting compared to other tillage practices and it was at par with conventional tillage”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
System productivity was significantly higher with bed planting (24.4 kg/ha/day) than other tillage practices.
Verbatim
e0“the significantly higher pooled total maize equivalent yield (TMEY, 8887 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.4 kg/ha/day) were recorded with bed planting compared to other tillage practices and it was at par with conventional tillage”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue retrieval gave significantly superior TMEY (8590 kg/ha) compared with residue retention.
Verbatim
e0“Retrieval method of residue management practice recorded significantly superior TMEY (8590 kg/ha) and system productivity (23.5 kg/ha/day) compared to retention of residue on land”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue retrieval gave significantly superior system productivity (23.5 kg/ha/day) compared with residue retention.
Verbatim
e0“Retrieval method of residue management practice recorded significantly superior TMEY (8590 kg/ha) and system productivity (23.5 kg/ha/day) compared to retention of residue on land”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 gave significantly higher TMEY (8779 kg/ha) than 100% RDF.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 produced significantly higher TMEY (8779 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.1 kg/ha/day) as compared to application of 100% RDF”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 gave significantly higher system productivity (24.1 kg/ha/day) than 100% RDF.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 produced significantly higher TMEY (8779 kg/ha) and system productivity (24.1 kg/ha/day) as compared to application of 100% RDF”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake by the system under bed planting was 178 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- bed plantinge0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 178e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
K uptake by the system under bed planting was 144 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- bed plantinge0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 144 kg/ha/yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake by the system under residue retrieval was 173 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- retrievale0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 173e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
K uptake by the system under residue retrieval was 141 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- retrievale0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 141 kg/ha/yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake by the system under 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 was 177 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4e0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 177e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
Claim · model-written summary
K uptake by the system under 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 was 145 kg/ha/year (similar higher trend).
- Taxon
- maize-chickpea cropping systemt0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4e0
- Outcome
- N and K uptake by the systeme0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 145 kg/ha/yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Similar trend in N and K uptake by the system was noticed in bed planting (178 and 144 kg/ha/year), retrieval (173 and 141 kg/ha/year) and application of 100% RDF+25% RDN+S+ZnSO4 (177 and 145 kg/ha/year)”
t0“maize-chickpea cropping system in vertisols”
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