Abstract
Abstract Application of nanomaterials for agriculture is relatively new as compared to their use in biomedical and industrial sectors. In order to promote sustainable nanoagriculture, biocompatible silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized through green route using kaffir lime leaf extract for use as nanopriming agent for enhancing seed germination of rice aged seeds. Results of various characterization techniques showed the successful formation of AgNPs which were capped with phytochemicals present in the plant extract. Rice aged seeds primed with phytosynthesized AgNPs at 5 and 10 ppm significantly improved germination performance and seedling vigor compared to unprimed control, AgNO 3 priming, and conventional hydropriming. Nanopriming could enhance α-amylase activity, resulting in higher soluble sugar content for supporting seedlings growth. Furthermore, nanopriming stimulated the up-regulation of aquaporin genes in germinating seeds. Meanwhile, more ROS production was observed in germinating seeds of nanopriming treatment compared to unprimed control and other priming treatments, suggesting that both ROS and aquaporins play important roles in enhancing seed germination. Different mechanisms underlying nanopriming-induced seed germination were proposed, including creation of nanopores for enhanced water uptake, rebooting ROS/antioxidant systems in seeds, generation of hydroxyl radicals for cell wall loosening, and nanocatalyst for fastening starch hydrolysis.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were successfully formed and capped with phytochemicals from the plant extract.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- successful formation of AgNPse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e1“Results of various characterization techniques showed the successful formation of AgNPs which were capped with phytochemicals present in the plant extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice aged seeds primed with phytosynthesized AgNPs significantly improved germination performance and seedling vigor compared with unprimed control, AgNO 3 priming and conventional hydropriming.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- aged seedse2
- Treatment
- primed with phytosynthesized AgNPse2
- Outcome
- germination performance and seedling vigore2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Value
- 5 and 10 ppme2
- Comparator
- unprimed control, AgNO 3 priming, and conventional hydropriminge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e2“Rice aged seeds primed with phytosynthesized AgNPs at 5 and 10 ppm significantly improved germination performance and seedling vigor compared to unprimed control, AgNO 3 priming, and conventional hydropriming”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanopriming could enhance α-amylase activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nanopriminge3
- Outcome
- α-amylase activitye3
- Direction
- enhancee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e3“Nanopriming could enhance α-amylase activity, resulting in higher soluble sugar content for supporting seedlings growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanopriming could result in higher soluble sugar content for supporting seedling growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Nanopriminge3
- Outcome
- soluble sugar contente3
- Direction
- highere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e3“Nanopriming could enhance α-amylase activity, resulting in higher soluble sugar content for supporting seedlings growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanopriming stimulated up-regulation of aquaporin genes in germinating seeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse4
- Treatment
- nanopriminge4
- Gene
- aquaporin genese4
- Outcome
- up-regulation of aquaporin genese4
- Direction
- up-regulatione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e4“Furthermore, nanopriming stimulated the up-regulation of aquaporin genes in germinating seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Germinating seeds of the nanopriming treatment produced more ROS than unprimed control and other priming treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seedse5
- Treatment
- nanopriming treatmente5
- Outcome
- ROS productione5
- Direction
- moree5
- Comparator
- unprimed control and other priming treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e5“more ROS production was observed in germinating seeds of nanopriming treatment compared to unprimed control and other priming treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanopriming-induced seed germination was proposed to involve nanopores for water uptake, ROS/antioxidant rebooting, hydroxyl radical cell wall loosening and nanocatalysed starch hydrolysis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione6
- Qualifier
- creation of nanopores for enhanced water uptake, rebooting ROS/antioxidant systems in seeds, generation of hydroxyl radicals for cell wall loosening, and nanocatalyst for fastening starch hydrolysise6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“aged rice seeds”
e6“Different mechanisms underlying nanopriming-induced seed germination were proposed, including creation of nanopores for enhanced water uptake, rebooting ROS/antioxidant systems in seeds, generation of hydroxyl radicals for cell wall loosening, and nanocatalyst for fastening starch hydrolysis”
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