Abstract
Phytocassanes and momilactones are known as major diterpenoid phytoalexins (DPs), characterized by abundant production and antimicrobial activity, and their biosynthetic genes are clustered in rice genomes. The basic leucine zipper transcription factor OsTGAP1 is known to act as a regulator of the coordinated production of DPs in cultured rice cells, but in planta functions of OsTGAP1 remain largely unknown. Here, we present evidence on the biological function of OsTGAP1 in planta. In wild-type plants, OsTGAP1 is abundantly expressed in roots compared with that in shoots. Moreover, the inductive expression of OsTGAP1 under jasmonic acid (JA) treatment was only observed in a root-specific manner consistent with the JA-inducible expressions of DP biosynthetic genes in roots. In reverse genetic approaches on OsTGAP1-overexpressing and OsTGAP1-knockdown plants, expressions of the biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulation were found to be remarkably increased and decreased, respectively. Reporter analysis in planta revealed that OsTGAP1 activated the promoters of OsDXS3 and momilactone biosynthetic gene OsKSL4, presumably through binding to the TGACGT motif. Furthermore, cocultivation experiments with barnyard grass suggested that the allelopathic effect of knockdown and overexpression of OsTGAP1 was significantly changed compared with the controls. These results demonstrate that OsTGAP1 positively regulates DP accumulation via the transcriptional regulation of DP biosynthetic genes in rice roots, and this is indispensable for maintaining allelopathic interactions with paddy weeds by regulating the production of specialized metabolites like momilactones.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1 is abundantly expressed in rice roots compared with shoots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e1“In wild-type plants, OsTGAP1 is abundantly expressed in roots compared with that in shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
JA treatment increased OsTGAP1 expression in rice roots in a root-specific manner.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- jasmonic acid (JA) treatmente2
- Gene
- OsTGAP1e2
- Outcome
- inductive expressione2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e2“the inductive expression of OsTGAP1 under jasmonic acid (JA) treatment was only observed in a root-specific manner”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1-overexpressing rice plants showed increased expression of biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- OsTGAP1-overexpressinge3
- Outcome
- expressions of the biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulatione3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e3“In reverse genetic approaches on OsTGAP1-overexpressing and OsTGAP1-knockdown plants, expressions of the biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulation were found to be remarkably increased and decreased, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1-knockdown rice plants showed decreased expression of biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- OsTGAP1-knockdowne3
- Outcome
- expressions of the biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulatione3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e3“In reverse genetic approaches on OsTGAP1-overexpressing and OsTGAP1-knockdown plants, expressions of the biosynthetic genes relevant for DP accumulation were found to be remarkably increased and decreased, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1 activated the promoter of OsDXS3 in rice, presumably through binding to the TGACGT motif.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsDXS3e4
- Outcome
- promoterse4
- Qualifier
- presumably through binding to the TGACGT motife4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e4“OsTGAP1 activated the promoters of OsDXS3 and momilactone biosynthetic gene OsKSL4, presumably through binding to the TGACGT motif”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1 activated the promoter of OsKSL4 in rice, presumably through binding to the TGACGT motif.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsKSL4e4
- Outcome
- promoterse4
- Qualifier
- presumably through binding to the TGACGT motife4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e4“OsTGAP1 activated the promoters of OsDXS3 and momilactone biosynthetic gene OsKSL4, presumably through binding to the TGACGT motif”
Claim · model-written summary
Knockdown and overexpression of OsTGAP1 significantly changed the allelopathic effect on barnyard grass compared with controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- knockdown and overexpression of OsTGAP1e5
- Interactor
- barnyard grass
Echinochloa crus-gallie5weed - Outcome
- allelopathic effecte5
- Comparator
- controlse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e5“cocultivation experiments with barnyard grass suggested that the allelopathic effect of knockdown and overexpression of OsTGAP1 was significantly changed compared with the controls”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1 positively regulates DP accumulation in rice roots via transcriptional regulation of DP biosynthetic genes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsTGAP1e7
- Outcome
- DP accumulatione7
- Qualifier
- via the transcriptional regulation of DP biosynthetic genese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e7“OsTGAP1 positively regulates DP accumulation via the transcriptional regulation of DP biosynthetic genes in rice roots”
Claim · model-written summary
OsTGAP1 is indispensable for maintaining allelopathic interactions with paddy weeds by regulating momilactone production in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- paddy weedse6weed
- Compound
- momilactonese6
- Outcome
- allelopathic interactionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in rice roots”
e6“this is indispensable for maintaining allelopathic interactions with paddy weeds by regulating the production of specialized metabolites like momilactones”