Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2012 and 2013 at Gambharipali, Bargarh Odisha, to study the bio-efficacy of various herbicides on weeds, yield and economics of drum-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). Sole application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl @ 4 g/ha, ethoxysulfuron @ 18 g/ha and 2, 4-D ethyl ester @ 400 g/ha showed selectivity towards broad-leaf weeds, whereas fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 60 g/ha showed selectivity towards grasses. Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha) proved to be the most effective in minimizing the density (10.57/m2), biomass (4.07 g/m2) of weeds and enhancing the weed-control efficiency (95.7%), grain yield (5.68 t/ha), N, P and K uptake by crop, net returns ( 30,439/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.61).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorimuron ethyl plus metsulfuron methyl was selective against broad-leaf weeds.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl @ 4 g/hae0
- Interactor
- broad-leaf weedse0weed
- Outcome
- broad-leaf weedse0
- Direction
- selectivitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sole application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl @ 4 g/ha, ethoxysulfuron @ 18 g/ha and 2, 4-D ethyl ester @ 400 g/ha showed selectivity towards broad-leaf weeds”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethoxysulfuron was selective against broad-leaf weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- ethoxysulfuron @ 18 g/hae0
- Interactor
- broad-leaf weedse0weed
- Outcome
- broad-leaf weedse0
- Direction
- selectivitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethoxysulfuron @ 18 g/ha and 2, 4-D ethyl ester @ 400 g/ha showed selectivity towards broad-leaf weeds”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D ethyl ester was selective against broad-leaf weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 2, 4-D ethyl ester @ 400 g/hae0
- Interactor
- broad-leaf weedse0weed
- Outcome
- broad-leaf weedse0
- Direction
- selectivitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2, 4-D ethyl ester @ 400 g/ha showed selectivity towards broad-leaf weeds”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl was selective against grasses.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 60 g/hae0
- Interactor
- grassese0weed
- Outcome
- grassese0
- Direction
- selectivitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 60 g/ha showed selectivity towards grasses”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix minimized weed density to 10.57/m2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- densitye0
- Direction
- minimizinge0
- Value
- 10.57/m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha) proved to be the most effective in minimizing the density (10.57/m2), biomass (4.07 g/m2) of weeds”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix minimized weed biomass to 4.07 g/m2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- minimizinge0
- Value
- 4.07 g/m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha) proved to be the most effective in minimizing the density (10.57/m2), biomass (4.07 g/m2) of weeds”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix increased weed-control efficiency to 95.7%.
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e1
- Outcome
- weed-control efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 95.7%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the weed-control efficiency (95.7%), grain yield (5.68 t/ha), N, P and K uptake by crop, net returns ( 30,439/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.61)”
e1“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix increased rice grain yield to 5.68 t/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 5.68 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the weed-control efficiency (95.7%), grain yield (5.68 t/ha), N, P and K uptake by crop, net returns ( 30,439/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.61)”
e1“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix increased rice N, P and K uptake.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e1
- Outcome
- N, P and K uptake by crope0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the weed-control efficiency (95.7%), grain yield (5.68 t/ha), N, P and K uptake by crop, net returns ( 30,439/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.61)”
e1“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mix increased net returns to 30,439/ha and benefit:cost ratio to 0.61.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)e1
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 30,439/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the weed-control efficiency (95.7%), grain yield (5.68 t/ha), N, P and K uptake by crop, net returns ( 30,439/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.61)”
e1“Tank-mix application of chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (4+60 g/ha)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →methyl · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
metsulfuron methyl · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
chlorimuron-ethyl · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
methyl · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
metsulfuron methyl · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →metsulfuron methyl · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →methyl · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →8 of 18 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.