Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple crop worldwide with extensive genetic variations. Various insects attack maize plants causing large yield loss. Here, we investigated the responses of maize B73, a susceptible line, and Mo17, a resistant line, to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi on metabolite and transcriptome levels. R. padi feeding had no effect on the levels of the defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids (Bxs) in either line, and Mo17 contained substantially greater levels of Bxs than did B73. Profiling of the differentially expressed genes revealed that B73 and Mo17 responded to R. padi infestation specifically, and importantly, these two lines showed large gene expression differences even without R. padi herbivory. Correlation analysis identified four transcription factors (TFs) that might account for the high Bx levels in Mo17. Similarly, genome-wide alternative splicing (AS) analyses indicated that both B73 and Mo17 had temporally specific responses to R. padi infestation, and these two lines also exhibited large differences of AS regulation under normal condition, and 340 genes, including ten TFs, were constantly differentially spliced. This study provides large-scale resource datasets for further studies on the mechanisms underlying maize-aphid interactions, and highlights the phenotypic divergence in defense against aphids among maize varieties.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
R. padi feeding did not change defensive benzoxazinoid levels in maize B73.
- Material
- B73e0
- Treatment
- R. padi feedinge0
- Interactor
- R. padi
_Figure_1_a.jpg?width=60)
Rhopalosiphum padie0pest - Outcome
- levels of the defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids (Bxs)e0
- Direction
- had no effecte0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_1_a.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“R. padi feeding had no effect on the levels of the defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids (Bxs) in either line, and Mo17 contained substantially greater levels of Bxs than did B73.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
R. padi feeding did not change defensive benzoxazinoid levels in maize Mo17.
- Material
- Mo17e0
- Treatment
- R. padi feedinge0
- Interactor
- R. padiRhopalosiphum padie0pest
- Outcome
- levels of the defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids (Bxs)e0
- Direction
- had no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. padi feeding had no effect on the levels of the defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids (Bxs) in either line, and Mo17 contained substantially greater levels of Bxs than did B73.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize Mo17 contained substantially greater benzoxazinoid levels than B73.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mo17 contained substantially greater levels of Bxs than did B73.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
B73 and Mo17 showed line-specific differential gene expression responses to R. padi infestation.
- Material
- B73 and Mo17e0
- Interactor
- R. padiRhopalosiphum padie0pest
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Profiling of the differentially expressed genes revealed that B73 and Mo17 responded to R. padi infestation specifically”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
B73 and Mo17 had large gene expression differences even without R. padi herbivory.
- Material
- these two linese0
- Interactor
- R. padiRhopalosiphum padie0pest
- Outcome
- large gene expression differencese0
- Qualifier
- without R. padi herbivorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two lines showed large gene expression differences even without R. padi herbivory.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
Four transcription factors were identified as possible explanations for high Bx levels in Mo17.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Correlation analysis identified four transcription factors (TFs) that might account for the high Bx levels in Mo17.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
B73 and Mo17 had temporally specific alternative splicing responses to R. padi infestation.
- Material
- B73 and Mo17e0
- Interactor
- R. padiRhopalosiphum padie0pest
- Outcome
- temporally specific responsese0
- Qualifier
- alternative splicing (AS)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genome-wide alternative splicing (AS) analyses indicated that both B73 and Mo17 had temporally specific responses to R. padi infestation”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
B73 and Mo17 had large differences in alternative splicing regulation under normal conditions.
- Material
- these two linese0
- Outcome
- large differences of AS regulatione0
- Qualifier
- under normal conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two lines also exhibited large differences of AS regulation under normal condition”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 340 genes, including ten transcription factors, were constantly differentially spliced between the two maize lines.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“340 genes, including ten TFs, were constantly differentially spliced.”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
Claim · model-written summary
The study provides large-scale datasets for research on maize–aphid interactions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study provides large-scale resource datasets for further studies on the mechanisms underlying maize-aphid interactions”
t0“Maize Lines B73 and Mo17”
The same questions in other papers
infection · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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