Abstract
Background and Objective: Chlorophylls are essential tetrapyrroles responsible for harvesting solar energy, charge separation and electron transport in photosynthesis. -Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the common precursor of tetrapyrroles and its synthesis is a key regulatory step in chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. Selenium is an essential micronutrient for animals and humans but its nutritional requirement in plants is controversial. The effect of Se on ALA synthesis has not been worked out. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Se on ALA synthesizing activity in etiolated maize leaf segments during greening. Materials and Methods: ALA content was estimated by modified Ehrlichs reagent. ALA content measured after treatment with levulinic acid represents ALA formation. Total chlorophylls were extracted in 80% acetone and then quantitated spectrophotometrically. Students t-test was applied to test the significance of difference at probability levels p<0.05, p<0.01and p<0.001. Results: Supply of 0.1 and 0.5 mM Na 2 SeO 3 decreased the ALA content in greening maize leaf segments; however, 0.05 mM Se slightly enhanced its contents. Decline in chlorophyll content was more substantial than decrease in ALA content and carotenoids. Concentration dependent decrease in ALA accumulation was observed with increasing concentration of selenite in light and dark. Substantial difference in ALA accumulation (L-D) was noticed at 0.5 mM Se. Amongst the precursors tested, glutamate and succinate caused more ALA accumulation in -Se tissue in light, while in +Se treated tissue, the increase was prominent by glycine and succinate. When leaf segments were incubated with levulinic acid in light, the ALA formation was increased by GSH in absence of Se; however, it was increased by NADP + in presence of Se. In dark, GSH stimulated ALA formation, both in the absence and presence of Se. Conclusion: More prominent decrease in total chlorophylls than ALA content/formation with the supply of Se indicates the involvement of other steps of chlorophyll biosynthesis in addition to ALA synthesis, being affected by Se. Substantial decrease in L-D value at higher concentrations of Se suggests that chloroplastic ALA synthesizing activity is more sensitive towards Se.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
0.1 mM selenite decreased ALA content in greening maize leaf segments.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supply of 0.1 and 0.5 mM Na 2 SeO 3 decreased the ALA content in greening maize leaf segments; however, 0.05 mM Se slightly enhanced its contents.”
Claim · model-written summary
0.5 mM selenite decreased ALA content in greening maize leaf segments.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supply of 0.1 and 0.5 mM Na 2 SeO 3 decreased the ALA content in greening maize leaf segments; however, 0.05 mM Se slightly enhanced its contents.”
Claim · model-written summary
0.05 mM Se slightly increased ALA content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supply of 0.1 and 0.5 mM Na 2 SeO 3 decreased the ALA content in greening maize leaf segments; however, 0.05 mM Se slightly enhanced its contents.”
Claim · model-written summary
Selenium reduced chlorophyll content more substantially than ALA content and carotenoids.
- Treatment
- Selenium Supplementationt0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- Declinee0
- Comparator
- ALA content and carotenoidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decline in chlorophyll content was more substantial than decrease in ALA content and carotenoids.”
t0“Selenium Supplementation on δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Formation in Greening Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA accumulation fell as selenite concentration increased in light and dark.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentration dependent decrease in ALA accumulation was observed with increasing concentration of selenite in light and dark.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.5 mM Se, light and dark ALA accumulation differed substantially.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Substantial difference in ALA accumulation (L-D) was noticed at 0.5 mM Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutamate increased ALA accumulation in selenium-free tissue in light.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glutamate and succinate caused more ALA accumulation in -Se tissue in light”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
Succinate increased ALA accumulation in selenium-free tissue in light.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glutamate and succinate caused more ALA accumulation in -Se tissue in light”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine prominently increased ALA accumulation in Se-treated tissue.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in +Se treated tissue, the increase was prominent by glycine and succinate.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
t1“Concentration dependent decrease in ALA accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Succinate prominently increased ALA accumulation in Se-treated tissue.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in +Se treated tissue, the increase was prominent by glycine and succinate.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
t1“Concentration dependent decrease in ALA accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH increased ALA formation with levulinic acid in light without Se.
- Organ / stage
- leaf segmentse0
- Treatment
- GSHe0
- Outcome
- ALA formatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in absence of See0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When leaf segments were incubated with levulinic acid in light, the ALA formation was increased by GSH in absence of Se; however, it was increased by NADP + in presence of Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
NADP+ increased ALA formation with levulinic acid in light with Se.
- Organ / stage
- leaf segmentse0
- Treatment
- NADP +e0
- Outcome
- ALA formatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in presence of See0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When leaf segments were incubated with levulinic acid in light, the ALA formation was increased by GSH in absence of Se; however, it was increased by NADP + in presence of Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH stimulated ALA formation in the dark without Se.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dark, GSH stimulated ALA formation, both in the absence and presence of Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH stimulated ALA formation in the dark with Se.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dark, GSH stimulated ALA formation, both in the absence and presence of Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger chlorophyll than ALA decline suggests selenium affects additional chlorophyll biosynthesis steps.
- Treatment
- See0
- Outcome
- other steps of chlorophyll biosynthesise0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- in addition to ALA synthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More prominent decrease in total chlorophylls than ALA content/formation with the supply of Se indicates the involvement of other steps of chlorophyll biosynthesis in addition to ALA synthesis, being affected by Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower light-dark ALA value at high Se suggests chloroplastic ALA synthesis is more Se-sensitive.
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of See0
- Outcome
- chloroplastic ALA synthesizing activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- more sensitive towards See0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Substantial decrease in L-D value at higher concentrations of Se suggests that chloroplastic ALA synthesizing activity is more sensitive towards Se.”
t0“Maize Leaf Segments”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.