Abstract
Mycoremediation is an on-site remediation strategy, which employs fungi to degrade or sequester contaminants from the environment. The present work focused on the bioremediation of soils contaminated with zinc by the use of a native mycorrhizal fungi (AM) called Funneliformis geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Schüßler. Experiments were performed using Triticum aestivum L. cv. Gemmeza-10 at different concentrations of Zn (50, 100, 200 mg kg-1) and inoculated with or without F. geosporum. The results showed that the dry weight of mycorrhizal wheat increased at Zn stressed plants as compared to the non-Zn-stressed control plants. The concentrations of Zn also had an inhibitory effect on the yield of dry root and shoot of non-mycorrhizal wheat. The photosynthetic pigment fractions were significantly affected by Zn treatments and mycorrhizal inoculation, where in all treatments, the content of the photosynthetic pigment fractions decreased as the Zn concentration increased in the soil. However, the level of minerals of shoots, roots, and grains was greatly influenced by Zn-treatment and by inoculation with F. geosporum. Treatment with Zn in the soil increased Cu and Zn concentrations in the root, shoot and grains, however, other minerals (P, S, K, Ca and Fe) concentration was decreased. Inoculation of wheat with AM fungi significantly reduced the accumulation of Zn and depressed its translocation in shoots and grains of wheat. In conclusion, inoculation with a native F. geosporum-improves yields of wheat under higher levels of Zn and is possible to be applied for the improvement of zinc contaminated soil.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc inhibited non mycorrhizal wheat root dry yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- yield of dry roote0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of Zn also had an inhibitory effect on the yield of dry root and shoot of non-mycorrhizal wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc inhibited non mycorrhizal wheat shoot dry yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- shoote0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentrations of Zn also had an inhibitory effect on the yield of dry root and shoot of non-mycorrhizal wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic pigments decreased as soil zinc increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- content of the photosynthetic pigment fractionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all treatments, the content of the photosynthetic pigment fractions decreased as the Zn concentration increased in the soil”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment increased copper concentrations in roots, shoots and grains.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot and grainse0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- Cue0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with Zn in the soil increased Cu and Zn concentrations in the root, shoot and grains”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment increased zinc concentrations in roots, shoots and grains.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot and grainse0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with Zn in the soil increased Cu and Zn concentrations in the root, shoot and grains”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment decreased P, S and K concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Treatment with Zne0
- Outcome
- P, S, Ke0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with Zn in the soil increased Cu and Zn concentrations in the root, shoot and grains, however, other minerals (P, S, K, Ca and Fe) concentration was decreased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment decreased Ca and Fe concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Treatment with Zne0
- Outcome
- Ca and Fee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with Zn in the soil increased Cu and Zn concentrations in the root, shoot and grains, however, other minerals (P, S, K, Ca and Fe) concentration was decreased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation reduced zinc accumulation in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of wheat with AM fungie0
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae0symbiontt0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Zne0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of wheat with AM fungi significantly reduced the accumulation of Zn and depressed its translocation in shoots and grains of wheat”
t0“Funneliformis geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Schüßler”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation depressed zinc translocation to wheat shoots and grains.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of wheat with AM fungie0
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae0symbiontt0
- Outcome
- translocation in shoots and grainse0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of wheat with AM fungi significantly reduced the accumulation of Zn and depressed its translocation in shoots and grains of wheat”
t0“Funneliformis geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Schüßler”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend native F. geosporum inoculation to improve wheat yield under high zinc.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. geosporumFunneliformis geosporume0symbiontt0
- Outcome
- improves yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with a native F. geosporum-improves yields of wheat under higher levels of Zn”
t0“Funneliformis geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Schüßler”
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