Abstract
Abstract To address recent concerns related to auxin herbicide drift onto soybean, a study was developed to understand the susceptibility of the reproductive stage of soybean to a new auxin herbicide compared with dicamba. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is under development as the second herbicide in a new structural class of synthetic auxins, the arylpicolinates. Field studies were conducted to (1) evaluate and compare reproductive soybean injury and yield following applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl or dicamba across various concentrations and reproductive growth stages and (2) determine whether low-rate applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl or dicamba to soybean in reproductive stages would have similar effect on the progeny of the affected plants. Soybean were treated with 0, 1/20, or 1/160, of the 1X rate of florpyrauxifen-benzyl (30 g ai ha −1 ) or dicamba (560 g ae ha −1 ) at R1, R2, R3, R4, or R5 growth stage. Soybean plant height and yield was reduced from 1/20X dicamba across all reproductive stages. High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl also reduced soybean plant height >25% and yield across R1 to R4 stages. Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected. Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20X at R4 and R5 resulted in 20% and 35% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively. A similar reduction occurred from florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X rate, resulting in 15% to 24% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively. Based on these findings, it is suggested that growers use caution when applying these herbicides in the vicinity of reproductive soybean.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean plant height and yield were reduced by 1/20X dicamba across all reproductive stages.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- 1/20X dicambae1
- Outcome
- plant height and yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- across all reproductive stagese1
- Setting
- Field studiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted”
e1“Soybean plant height and yield was reduced from 1/20X dicamba across all reproductive stages”
Claim · model-written summary
High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl reduced soybean plant height by more than 25%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyle2
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- >25%e2
- Setting
- Field studiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted”
e2“High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl also reduced soybean plant height >25% and yield across R1 to R4 stages”
Claim · model-written summary
High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl reduced soybean yield across R1 to R4 stages.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyle2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- across R1 to R4 stagese2
- Setting
- Field studiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted”
e2“High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl also reduced soybean plant height >25% and yield across R1 to R4 stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and stand of the offspring of soybean treated with dicamba were significantly affected.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- dicambae3
- Outcome
- Germination, stande3
- Qualifier
- of the offspringe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and yield of the offspring of soybean treated with dicamba were significantly affected.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- dicambae3
- Outcome
- plant height, and yielde3
- Qualifier
- of the offspringe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and stand of the offspring of soybean treated with florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- florpyrauxifen-benzyle3
- Outcome
- Germination, stande3
- Qualifier
- of the offspringe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and yield of the offspring of soybean treated with florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- florpyrauxifen-benzyle3
- Outcome
- plant height, and yielde3
- Qualifier
- of the offspringe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba at 1/20X applied at R4 reduced offspring yield by 20%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- R4e4
- Treatment
- Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20Xe4
- Outcome
- yield reduction for the offspringe4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 20%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Sensitivity to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl during Reproductive Growth and the Impact on Subsequent Progeny”
e4“Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20X at R4 and R5 resulted in 20% and 35% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba at 1/20X applied at R5 reduced offspring yield by 35%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- R5e4
- Treatment
- Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20Xe4
- Outcome
- yield reduction for the offspringe4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 35%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Sensitivity to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl during Reproductive Growth and the Impact on Subsequent Progeny”
e4“Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20X at R4 and R5 resulted in 20% and 35% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 1/20X applied at R4 reduced offspring yield by 15%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- R4e5
- Treatment
- florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X ratee5
- Outcome
- yield reduction for the offspringe5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Value
- 15%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Sensitivity to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl during Reproductive Growth and the Impact on Subsequent Progeny”
e5“A similar reduction occurred from florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X rate, resulting in 15% to 24% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 1/20X applied at R5 reduced offspring yield by 24%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- R5e5
- Treatment
- florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X ratee5
- Outcome
- yield reduction for the offspringe5
- Direction
- reductione5
- Value
- 24%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean Sensitivity to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl during Reproductive Growth and the Impact on Subsequent Progeny”
e5“A similar reduction occurred from florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X rate, resulting in 15% to 24% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Growers should use caution when applying these herbicides near reproductive soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Outcome
- use caution when applying these herbicidese6
- Qualifier
- in the vicinity of reproductive soybeane6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“it is suggested that growers use caution when applying these herbicides in the vicinity of reproductive soybean”
The same questions in other papers
florpyrauxifen-benzyl · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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See all 5 papers →dicamba · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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See all 49 papers →florpyrauxifen-benzyl · pest · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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florpyrauxifen-benzyl · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
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dicamba · pest · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.