Abstract
Core Ideas Polymer‐coated urea could increase both grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice production, particularly in super rice. Larger sink size, more productive tillers and deeper root distribution are important agronomic performances in super rice. Higher plant activities are important physiological traits in super rice. Extensive economic reforms have resulted in a significant decrease in the involvement of rural labor force in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production in China. One of the most effective ways in minimizing the use of labor in field management while maintaining or even increasing grain yield is by using polymer‐coated urea (PCU) instead of conventional urea (CU). This study investigated whether super rice (SR) cultivars could exhibit better yield performance and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under PCU application than non ‐ super rice (NSR) cultivars. Two representative SR cultivars and two representative NSR cultivars were field grown. Three treatments, no nitrogen application (0N), CU application, and PCU application, were conducted, the application N rate of CU and PCU were both 200 kg N ha −1 . Compared to NSR cultivars, SR cultivars had larger sink size, more productive tillers, larger root biomass and deeper root distribution, higher root oxidation activity at mid‐ and late grain‐filling period, greater aboveground biomass production at mid‐ and late growth stages, and greater nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation in the stem and more nonstructural carbohydrate per spikelet (NPS) at anthesis under PCU. Polymer‐coated urea increased grain yield and agronomic NUE by 11.6 and 5.5% in SR cultivars and 4.8 and 2.2% in NSR cultivars, respectively. We conclude that using PCU could increase both grain yield and NUE in rice production, especially in SR cultivars. Improved agronomic and physiological performance contributes to an increase in grain yield and NUE in SR cultivars under PCU.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Under PCU, super rice had larger sink size and more productive tillers than non super rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- SR cultivarse0
- Outcome
- larger sink size, more productive tillerse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- NSR cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to NSR cultivars, SR cultivars had larger sink size, more productive tillers”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Super rice had larger root biomass and deeper root distribution than non super rice under PCU.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- root biomass and deeper root distributione0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- NSR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“larger root biomass and deeper root distribution”
t0“Rice”
e1“Compared to NSR cultivars, SR cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Super rice had higher root oxidation activity in middle and late grain filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- mid‐ and late grain‐filling periode0
- Outcome
- root oxidation activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher root oxidation activity at mid‐ and late grain‐filling period”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Super rice had greater aboveground biomass at middle and late growth stages.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- mid‐ and late growth stagese0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomass productione0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater aboveground biomass production at mid‐ and late growth stages”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Super rice accumulated more stem NSC and NSC per spikelet at anthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- PCUe0
- Outcome
- nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation in the stem and more nonstructural carbohydrate per spikelet (NPS)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation in the stem and more nonstructural carbohydrate per spikelet (NPS) at anthesis under PCU”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
PCU increased grain yield in super rice by 11.6%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SR cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Polymer‐coated ureae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11.6e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polymer‐coated urea increased grain yield and agronomic NUE by 11.6 and 5.5% in SR cultivars and 4.8 and 2.2% in NSR cultivars, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“conventional urea (CU)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCU increased agronomic NUE in super rice by 5.5%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SR cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Polymer‐coated ureae0
- Outcome
- agronomic NUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.5%e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polymer‐coated urea increased grain yield and agronomic NUE by 11.6 and 5.5% in SR cultivars and 4.8 and 2.2% in NSR cultivars, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“conventional urea (CU)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCU increased grain yield in non super rice by 4.8%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NSR cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Polymer‐coated ureae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.8e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polymer‐coated urea increased grain yield and agronomic NUE by 11.6 and 5.5% in SR cultivars and 4.8 and 2.2% in NSR cultivars, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“conventional urea (CU)”
Claim · model-written summary
PCU increased agronomic NUE in non super rice by 2.2%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NSR cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Polymer‐coated ureae0
- Outcome
- agronomic NUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.2%e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polymer‐coated urea increased grain yield and agronomic NUE by 11.6 and 5.5% in SR cultivars and 4.8 and 2.2% in NSR cultivars, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“conventional urea (CU)”
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See all 2,045 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.