Abstract
Iron deficiency in crops occurs mainly in regions with alkaline and calcareous soils. In the present study the effectiveness of Fe3+ chelated EDDHA [ethylenediamine di-(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)] is assessed alone or combined with foliar spray of FeSO4, in crops of sorghum, soybean, okra and beans. EDDHA-Fe (Ultraferro®) was applied at a dose of 1% on the seed at sowing and FeSO4 was applied on foliage twice at 1.5%. In the four experiments, we determined the variables index of chlorophyll (SPAD) in three readings (March 15 and 28, April 6), and 47-50 days after sowing and leaf and root biomass. Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis, which was visible among treatments. In both crops, higher SPAD and leaf and root biomass values were obtained with applications of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4. In okra, the SPAD index was higher with the combination EDDHA-Fe + FeSO4, although root and leaf biomass was greater with EDDHA-Fe alone or in combination with FeSO4. In beans and sorghum, chlorosis was less visible. For beans, the highest SPAD rate was recorded with EDDHA-Fe and/or FeSO4 in the two latest readings (March 28 and April 6) and in leaf and root biomass. Similarly, the three chemical treatments exceeded the control. However, in sorghum, the highest SPAD was recorded on the last reading (Apr-6), while there were no significant differences in leaf and root biomass. There were no observed additive effects on the variables with the combination EDDHA-Fe and FeSO4. In general, the results indicate that application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4 in soybean, okra and bean, effectively corrected chlorosis ferric.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans expressed greater intensity of chlorosis than the other crops.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- intensity of chlorosise0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
Claim · model-written summary
Okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis than the other crops.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Outcome
- intensity of chlorosise0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorosis was less visible in beans.
Verbatim
e0“In beans and sorghum, chlorosis was less visible”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorosis was less visible in sorghum.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In beans and sorghum, chlorosis was less visible”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybeans, higher SPAD and leaf and root biomass were obtained with EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4e1
- Outcome
- SPAD and leaf and root biomasse1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
e1“In both crops, higher SPAD and leaf and root biomass values were obtained with applications of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4”
Claim · model-written summary
In okra, higher SPAD and leaf and root biomass were obtained with EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4e1
- Outcome
- SPAD and leaf and root biomasse1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
e1“In both crops, higher SPAD and leaf and root biomass values were obtained with applications of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with FeSO4”
Claim · model-written summary
In okra, the SPAD index was higher with the combination of EDDHA-Fe and FeSO4.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- the combination EDDHA-Fe + FeSO4e2
- Outcome
- SPAD indexe2
- Direction
- highere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
e2“In okra, the SPAD index was higher with the combination EDDHA-Fe + FeSO4”
Claim · model-written summary
In okra, root and leaf biomass were greater with EDDHA-Fe alone or in combination with FeSO4.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- EDDHA-Fe alone or in combination with FeSO4e3
- Outcome
- root and leaf biomasse3
- Direction
- greatere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Between crops, soybeans and okra expressed greater intensity of chlorosis”
e3“although root and leaf biomass was greater with EDDHA-Fe alone or in combination with FeSO4”
Claim · model-written summary
In beans, the highest SPAD rate was recorded with EDDHA-Fe and/or FeSO4 in the two latest readings and in leaf and root biomass.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Treatment
- EDDHA-Fe and/or FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- SPAD ratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in the two latest readings (March 28 and April 6)e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“For beans, the highest SPAD rate was recorded with EDDHA-Fe and/or FeSO4 in the two latest readings (March 28 and April 6) and in leaf and root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
In beans, the three chemical treatments exceeded the control.
Verbatim
e5“For beans, the highest SPAD rate was recorded with EDDHA-Fe and/or FeSO4 in the two latest readings (March 28 and April 6) and in leaf and root biomass”
e6“Similarly, the three chemical treatments exceeded the control”
Claim · model-written summary
In sorghum, the highest SPAD was recorded on the last reading (Apr-6).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“However, in sorghum, the highest SPAD was recorded on the last reading (Apr-6)”
Claim · model-written summary
In sorghum, there were no significant differences in leaf and root biomass.
- Outcome
- leaf and root biomasse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“However, in sorghum, the highest SPAD was recorded on the last reading (Apr-6)”
e7“while there were no significant differences in leaf and root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of EDDHA-Fe and FeSO4 had no observed additive effects on the measured variables.
- Treatment
- the combination EDDHA-Fe and FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- the variablese0
- Direction
- no observed additive effectse0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“There were no observed additive effects on the variables with the combination EDDHA-Fe and FeSO4”
Claim · model-written summary
EDDHA-Fe alone or with foliar FeSO4 effectively corrected iron chlorosis in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- chlorosis ferrice0
- Direction
- effectively correctede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4 in soybean, okra and bean, effectively corrected chlorosis ferric”
Claim · model-written summary
EDDHA-Fe alone or with foliar FeSO4 effectively corrected iron chlorosis in okra.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- chlorosis ferrice0
- Direction
- effectively correctede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4 in soybean, okra and bean, effectively corrected chlorosis ferric”
Claim · model-written summary
EDDHA-Fe alone or with foliar FeSO4 effectively corrected iron chlorosis in bean.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- chlorosis ferrice0
- Direction
- effectively correctede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“application of EDDHA-Fe alone or combined with foliar FeSO4 in soybean, okra and bean, effectively corrected chlorosis ferric”
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