Abstract
The present study assesses the role of selenium, an antioxidant in salt-stressed plants. A hydroponic trial of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) on the growth, oxidative stress and antioxidant protection system of Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT) plant was studied. 40 µmol and 100 µmol of Na2SeO4 were hydroponically applied to BRSRT roots with 50 mmol and 100 mmol sodium chloride (NaCl) for 12 days. Plant growth, biomass production and photosynthetic pigments at 100 mmol salt stress was inhibited while oxidative stress indicators, for example, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were stimulated. Supplementation of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCl improved growth, photosynthetic pigments and acted as an antioxidant by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and increasing superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activities. The in-gel assays also showed enhanced activities of these enzymes. At 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stress, repressed growth and expression of antioxidant enzymes and stimulated oxidative stress with enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity. Under consolidated stress treatment, an addition of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 was the most effective for both NaCl concentrations. The finding reveals that the optimal selenium supplementation presents a promising potential for use in conditions of relatively high levels of NaCl stress for BRSRT seedlings.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
100 mmol salt stress inhibited plant growth and biomass.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)
Brassica rapat0 - Treatment
- 100 mmol salt stresse0
- Outcome
- Plant growth, biomass productione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, biomass production and photosynthetic pigments at 100 mmol salt stress was inhibited”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mmol salt stress inhibited photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 mmol salt stresse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, biomass production and photosynthetic pigments at 100 mmol salt stress was inhibited”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mmol salt stress stimulated hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 mmol salt stresse1
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while oxidative stress indicators, for example, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were stimulated.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
e1“Plant growth, biomass production and photosynthetic pigments at 100 mmol salt stress was inhibited”
Claim · model-written summary
40 µmol selenate with salt improved plant growth.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCle0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementation of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCl improved growth, photosynthetic pigments”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
40 µmol selenate with salt improved photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCle0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementation of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCl improved growth, photosynthetic pigments”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
40 µmol selenate inhibited lipid peroxidation under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCle0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementation of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCl improved growth, photosynthetic pigments and acted as an antioxidant by inhibiting lipid peroxidation”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
40 µmol selenate increased five antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 40 µmol Na2SeO4e1
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activities.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
e1“Supplementation of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 with 50 mmol and 100 mmol NaCl improved growth, photosynthetic pigments”
Claim · model-written summary
100 µmol selenium under salt stress repressed growth.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stress, repressed growth and expression of antioxidant enzymes and stimulated oxidative stress with enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 µmol selenium under salt stress repressed antioxidant enzyme expression.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- expression of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stress, repressed growth and expression of antioxidant enzymes and stimulated oxidative stress with enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 µmol selenium under salt stress stimulated oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stress, repressed growth and expression of antioxidant enzymes and stimulated oxidative stress with enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 µmol selenium under salt stress enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stresse0
- Outcome
- glutathione peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 µmol concentration, selenium under salt stress, repressed growth and expression of antioxidant enzymes and stimulated oxidative stress with enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
Claim · model-written summary
40 µmol selenate was most effective under both salt concentrations.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)Brassica rapat0
- Treatment
- 40 µmol Na2SeO4e0
- Outcome
- most effectivee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Qualifier
- both NaCl concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under consolidated stress treatment, an addition of 40 µmol Na2SeO4 was the most effective for both NaCl concentrations.”
t0“Brassica rapa var. toria (BRSRT)”
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