Abstract
Two vermicompost treatments providing 45 (V1) and 90 (V2) kg P ha−1 and mycorrhizae (M) inoculation were evaluated alone and in combinations for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and soil fertility status. The treatments included; the Control, nitrogen (N): dipotassium oxide (K2O) as basal dose (BD; 120:60 kg ha−1), N: phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5): K2O as recommended dose (RD; 120:90:60 kg ha−1), BD+Myccorhiza (BDM), BD+V1 (BDV1), BDM+V1 (BDMV1), BD+V2 (BDV2), and BDM+V2 (BDMV2). Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2) significantly and maximally improved the growth, plant N, phosphorus (P), and micronutrient concentrations over the control, reduced the soil pH by 5 and 6%, increased OM by 25 and 112%, total N by 41%, and extractable P up to 200% while the extent of improvement was directly related to the content of added vermicompost. Results indicated that vermicompost at either level synergistically affected the mycorrhizae in plant nutrition as well as improved soil fertility status and soil chemical properties.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1, BDMV2) significantly and maximally improved wheat growth over the control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2) significantly and maximally improved the growth”
e1“over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1, BDMV2) significantly and maximally improved plant N, P and micronutrient concentrations of wheat over the control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant N, phosphorus (P), and micronutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2) significantly and maximally improved the growth, plant N, phosphorus (P), and micronutrient concentrations over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatments reduced soil pH by 5 and 6%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil pHe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 5 and 6%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)”
e1“reduced the soil pH by 5 and 6%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatments increased soil organic matter by 25 and 112%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- OMe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 25 and 112%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)”
e1“increased OM by 25 and 112%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatments increased soil total N by 41%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- total Ne1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 41%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)”
e1“total N by 41%”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination treatments increased extractable soil P by up to 200%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)e0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- extractable Pe1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- up to 200%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Combination of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (BDMV1 and BDMV2)”
e1“extractable P up to 200%”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost at either level acted synergistically with mycorrhizae in plant nutrition and improved soil fertility status and soil chemical properties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- vermicompost at either levele0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil fertility statuse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“vermicompost at either level synergistically affected the mycorrhizae in plant nutrition as well as improved soil fertility status and soil chemical properties”
Claim · model-written summary
The extent of improvement was directly related to the content of added vermicompost.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- added vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- extent of improvemente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“the extent of improvement was directly related to the content of added vermicompost”
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