Abstract
Under natural conditions, plants are regularly exposed to combinations of stress factors. A common example is the conjunction between nitrogen (N) deficiency and excess light. The combined effect of stress factors is often ignored in studies using controlled conditions, possibly resulting in misleading conclusions. To address this issue, the present study examined the physiological behavior of Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect of varying nitrogen levels and light intensities. The joint influence of low N and excess light had an adverse effect on plant growth, chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, photochemical capacity and the abundance of proteins involved in carbon assimilation and antioxidative metabolism. In contrast, no adverse physiological responses were observed for plants under either nitrogen limitation or high light (HL) intensity conditions (i.e. single stress). The underlying mechanisms for the increased growth in conditions of HL and sufficient nitrogen were a combination of chlorophyll accumulation and an increased number of proteins involved in C3 carbon assimilation, amino acids biosynthesis and chloroplast development. In contrast, combined stress conditions shifts plants from growth to survival by displaying anthocyanin accumulation and an increased number of proteins involved in catabolism of lipids and amino acids as energy substrates. Ultimately switching plants development from growth to survival. Our results suggest that an assessment of the physiological response to the combined effect of multiple stresses cannot be directly extrapolated from the physiological response to a single stress. Specifically, the synergistic interaction between N deficiency and saturating light in Arabidopsis plants could not have been modeled via only one of the stress factors.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Combined low nitrogen and excess light adversely affected plant growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Treatment
- low N and excess lighte0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The joint influence of low N and excess light had an adverse effect on plant growth”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined low nitrogen and excess light adversely affected chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- low N and excess lighte0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrationse0
- Direction
- adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The joint influence of low N and excess light had an adverse effect on plant growth, chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined low nitrogen and excess light adversely affected photochemical capacity.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- low N and excess lighte0
- Outcome
- photochemical capacitye0
- Direction
- adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The joint influence of low N and excess light had an adverse effect on plant growth, chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, photochemical capacity”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined low nitrogen and excess light adversely affected abundance of carbon-assimilation and antioxidative proteins.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- low N and excess lighte0
- Outcome
- abundance of proteins involved in carbon assimilation and antioxidative metabolisme0
- Direction
- adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The joint influence of low N and excess light had an adverse effect on plant growth, chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, photochemical capacity and the abundance of proteins involved in carbon assimilation and antioxidative metabolism”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither nitrogen limitation nor high light alone produced adverse physiological responses.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- nitrogen limitatione0
- Outcome
- adverse physiological responsese0
- Direction
- no adversee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no adverse physiological responses were observed for plants under either nitrogen limitation or high light (HL) intensity conditions (i.e. single stress)”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
High light alone did not produce adverse physiological responses.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- high light (HL) intensitye0
- Outcome
- adverse physiological responsese0
- Direction
- no adversee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no adverse physiological responses were observed for plants under either nitrogen limitation or high light (HL) intensity conditions (i.e. single stress)”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
High light with sufficient nitrogen increased growth through chlorophyll accumulation and more assimilation, amino-acid and chloroplast-development proteins.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- HL and sufficient nitrogene0
- Outcome
- increased growthe0
- Qualifier
- chlorophyll accumulation and an increased number of proteins involved in C3 carbon assimilation, amino acids biosynthesis and chloroplast developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The underlying mechanisms for the increased growth in conditions of HL and sufficient nitrogen were a combination of chlorophyll accumulation and an increased number of proteins involved in C3 carbon assimilation, amino acids biosynthesis and chloroplast development”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress shifted plants from growth toward survival with anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- combined stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- shifts plants from growth to survivale0
- Qualifier
- anthocyanin accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined stress conditions shifts plants from growth to survival by displaying anthocyanin accumulation”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress shifted plants toward survival with more lipid and amino acid catabolism proteins.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- combined stress conditionse0
- Outcome
- shifts plants from growth to survivale0
- Qualifier
- increased number of proteins involved in catabolism of lipids and amino acids as energy substratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined stress conditions shifts plants from growth to survival by displaying anthocyanin accumulation and an increased number of proteins involved in catabolism of lipids and amino acids as energy substrates”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana under the effect”
Claim · model-written summary
The synergistic response to nitrogen deficiency and saturating light could not be modeled using one stress factor alone.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- synergistic interaction between N deficiency and saturating lighte0
- Comparator
- only one of the stress factorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the synergistic interaction between N deficiency and saturating light in Arabidopsis plants could not have been modeled via only one of the stress factors”
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