Abstract
Although production of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is threatened by a number of major diseases worldwide, it has been difficult to identify effective and durable management measures against these diseases. In this study, we attempted to improve tomato disease resistance by transgenic overexpression of genes encoding the Arabidopsis thaliana Elongator (AtELP) complex subunits AtELP3 and AtELP4. We show that overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4 significantly enhanced resistance to tomato bacterial speck caused by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4 (Pst J4) without clear detrimental effects on plant growth and development. Interestingly, the transgenic plants exhibited resistance to Pst J4 only when inoculated through foliar sprays but not through infiltration into the leaf apoplast. Although this result suggested possible involvement of stomatal immunity, we found that Pst J4 inoculation did not induce stomatal closure and there were no differences in stomatal apertures and conductance between the transgenic and control plants. Further RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed a group of defense-related genes to be induced to higher levels after infection in the AtELP4 transgenic tomato plants than in the control, suggesting that the enhanced disease resistance of the transgenic plants may be attributed to elevated induction of defense responses. Additionally, we show that the tomato genome contains single-copy genes encoding all six Elongator subunits (SlELPs), which share high identities with the AtELP proteins, and that SlELP3 and SlELP4 complemented the Arabidopsis Atelp3 and Atelp4 mutants, respectively, indicating that the function of tomato Elongator is probably conserved. Taken together, our results not only shed new light on the tomato Elongator complex, but also revealed potential candidate genes for engineering disease resistance in tomato.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
AtELP3 overexpression significantly enhanced tomato resistance to bacterial speck caused by Pst J4.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- overexpression of AtELP3e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen - Gene
- AtELP3e0
- Outcome
- resistance to tomato bacterial specke0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4 significantly enhanced resistance to tomato bacterial speck caused by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4 (Pst J4)”
Claim · model-written summary
AtELP4 overexpression significantly enhanced tomato resistance to bacterial speck caused by Pst J4.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen
- Gene
- AtELP4e0
- Outcome
- resistance to tomato bacterial specke0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4 significantly enhanced resistance to tomato bacterial speck caused by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4 (Pst J4)”
Claim · model-written summary
The overexpression plants had no clear detrimental growth and development effects.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and developmente0
- Direction
- without clear detrimental effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AtELP3 and AtELP4 significantly enhanced resistance to tomato bacterial speck caused by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain J4 (Pst J4) without clear detrimental effects on plant growth and development”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic tomato plants resisted Pst J4 after foliar spray inoculation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- inoculated through foliar sprayse0
- Interactor
- Pst J4e0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to Pst J4e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic plants exhibited resistance to Pst J4 only when inoculated through foliar sprays”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic tomato plants did not resist Pst J4 after leaf apoplast infiltration.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf apoplaste0
- Treatment
- infiltration into the leaf apoplaste0
- Interactor
- Pst J4e1pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to Pst J4e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not through infiltration into the leaf apoplast”
e1“transgenic plants exhibited resistance to Pst J4”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Pst J4 inoculation did not induce stomatal closure in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Pst J4 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Pst J4e0pathogen
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pst J4 inoculation did not induce stomatal closure”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal apertures did not differ between transgenic and control tomato plants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- transgenice0
- Outcome
- stomatal aperturese0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no differences in stomatal apertures and conductance between the transgenic and control plants”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance did not differ between transgenic and control tomato plants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- transgenice0
- Outcome
- conductancee0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no differences in stomatal apertures and conductance between the transgenic and control plants”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Defense-related genes were induced to higher levels after infection in AtELP4 transgenic tomato than in controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- AtELP4 transgenic tomato plantse0
- Gene
- defense-related genese0
- Outcome
- defense-related genese0
- Direction
- higher levelse0
- Qualifier
- after infectione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“defense-related genes to be induced to higher levels after infection in the AtELP4 transgenic tomato plants than in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The tomato genome contains single-copy genes encoding all six Elongator subunits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- SlELPse0
- Outcome
- single-copy genes encoding all six Elongator subunitse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato genome contains single-copy genes encoding all six Elongator subunits (SlELPs)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato SlELPs share high identity with AtELP proteins.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlELPse0
- Outcome
- high identitiese0
- Comparator
- AtELP proteinse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlELPs), which share high identities with the AtELP proteins”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlELP3 complemented the Arabidopsis Atelp3 mutant.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SlELP3e0
- Gene
- SlELP3e0
- Outcome
- complementede0
- Comparator
- Arabidopsis Atelp3e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlELP3 and SlELP4 complemented the Arabidopsis Atelp3 and Atelp4 mutants, respectively”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlELP4 complemented the Arabidopsis Atelp4 mutant.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SlELP4e0
- Gene
- SlELP4e0
- Outcome
- complementede0
- Comparator
- Atelp4 mutantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlELP3 and SlELP4 complemented the Arabidopsis Atelp3 and Atelp4 mutants, respectively”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced disease resistance may result from elevated induction of defense responses.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- enhanced disease resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- elevated induction of defense responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced disease resistance of the transgenic plants may be attributed to elevated induction of defense responses”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato Elongator function is probably conserved.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- tomato Elongatore0
- Outcome
- probably conservede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“function of tomato Elongator is probably conserved”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · physiology: gas exchange · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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