Abstract
Purpose. To identify the productivity formation peculiarities of certain soybean varieties as affected by organic fertilizer, plant growth regulators, and moisture retainer application under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.Methods. Soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Kano’, and ‘Hieba’ served as the object of the study. Moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’ was introduced a month before sowing soybean in 10-cm strips in the zone of rows at the application rate of 300 kg/ha. Organic fertilizer ‘Parostok’ (mark 20) was applied twice: at the 3–5 leaf stage and at the 9–11 leaf stage. Growth regulators ‘Vermystym D’ and ‘Ahrostymulin’ were applied at the stage of budding at the recommended by producer dose.Results. The formulations under investigation did not affect the duration of phenological stages, and development of soybean plants occurred in accordance with their varietal characteristics and weather conditions of the year. The vegetation period of the varieties under study ranged from 109 to 117 days, which was typical of a mid-ripening soybean group. Pre-sowing introduction of the moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’ provided an increase in the soil water storage. As of 20 May 2016, the soil water storage in the 0–20 cm soil layer was 42 mm, while in the treatment with a moisture retainer it was 46 mm; in 2017, the values were 31 and 36 mm, respectively. On average, the plant density (per 1 m2)in ‘Kano’ sowings was 60.6, in ‘Hieba’ 58.5 and in ‘Ustia’ 59.2. The moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’A provided a significant influence on the plant density formation, while organic fertilizers and growth regulators had almost no effect. The minimum yield of soybean grain in the control treatment (no formulations applied) was as follows: 3.99 t/ha in ‘Kano’, 1.72 t/ha in ‘Hieba’, and 2.43 t/ha in ‘Ustia’. All investigated agronomical practices ensured a significant increase in grain yield. The maximum yield in the experiment (4.74 t/ha) was provided by ‘Kano’ variety in the treatment with the complex application of moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’, organic fertilizer ‘Parostok’ and growth regulator ‘Vermystym D’. The content of crude protein in soybean seeds in the control treatment varied from 35.2 to 36.6%. Application of the moisture retainer did not have any significant effect on this indicator. Top dressing with fertilizer increased the content of crude protein by 0.2–0.7% in different varieties. The maximum content of crude protein was obtained in the treatment with combined application of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators.Conclusions. Integrated application of moisture retainer, organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators in soybean sowings is an important and effective factor in the realization of the crop yield potential. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of the crop productivity formation determined in the research can be used to improve the crop cultivation technology under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
The formulations did not affect duration of soybean phenological stages.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- formulations under investigatione0
- Outcome
- duration of phenological stagese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The formulations under investigation did not affect the duration of phenological stages”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean vegetation periods ranged from 109 to 117 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- vegetation periode0
- Value
- 109 to 117 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The vegetation period of the varieties under study ranged from 109 to 117 days”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Aquasorb increased soil water storage in 2016 from 42 to 46 mm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- moisture retainere0
- Outcome
- soil water storagee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 46 mme0
- Qualifier
- 20 May 2016e0
- Comparator
- 42 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As of 20 May 2016, the soil water storage in the 0–20 cm soil layer was 42 mm, while in the treatment with a moisture retainer it was 46 mm”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Aquasorb increased soil water storage in 2017 from 31 to 36 mm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- moisture retainere0
- Outcome
- soil water storagee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 36 mme0
- Qualifier
- 2017e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As of 20 May 2016, the soil water storage in the 0–20 cm soil layer was 42 mm, while in the treatment with a moisture retainer it was 46 mm; in 2017, the values were 31 and 36 mm, respectively.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density in Kano sowings averaged 60.6 per square metre.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Kanoe0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Value
- 60.6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant density (per 1 m2)in ‘Kano’ sowings was 60.6”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density in Hieba sowings averaged 58.5 per square metre.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Hiebae0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Value
- 58.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant density (per 1 m2)in ‘Kano’ sowings was 60.6, in ‘Hieba’ 58.5”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density in Ustia sowings averaged 59.2 per square metre.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Ustiae0
- Outcome
- plant densitye0
- Value
- 59.2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant density (per 1 m2)in ‘Kano’ sowings was 60.6, in ‘Hieba’ 58.5 and in ‘Ustia’ 59.2.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Aquasorb significantly influenced soybean plant density.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Aquasorbe0
- Outcome
- plant density formatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’A provided a significant influence on the plant density formation”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers had almost no effect on soybean plant density.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- plant density formatione0
- Direction
- almost no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’A provided a significant influence on the plant density formation, while organic fertilizers and growth regulators had almost no effect.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulators had almost no effect on soybean plant density.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- plant density formatione0
- Direction
- almost no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’A provided a significant influence on the plant density formation, while organic fertilizers and growth regulators had almost no effect.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control Kano grain yield was 3.99 t/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Kanoe0
- Outcome
- yield of soybean graine0
- Value
- 3.99 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum yield of soybean grain in the control treatment (no formulations applied) was as follows: 3.99 t/ha in ‘Kano’”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control Hieba grain yield was 1.72 t/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Hiebae0
- Outcome
- yield of soybean graine0
- Value
- 1.72 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum yield of soybean grain in the control treatment (no formulations applied) was as follows: 3.99 t/ha in ‘Kano’, 1.72 t/ha in ‘Hieba’”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control Ustia grain yield was 2.43 t/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Ustiae0
- Outcome
- yield of soybean graine0
- Value
- 2.43 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum yield of soybean grain in the control treatment (no formulations applied) was as follows: 3.99 t/ha in ‘Kano’, 1.72 t/ha in ‘Hieba’, and 2.43 t/ha in ‘Ustia’.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
All investigated agronomic practices significantly increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- agronomical practicese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All investigated agronomical practices ensured a significant increase in grain yield.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Aquasorb, Parostok and Vermystym D produced the maximum Kano grain yield of 4.74 t/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Kanoe0
- Treatment
- complex application of moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’, organic fertilizer ‘Parostok’ and growth regulator ‘Vermystym D’e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.74 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum yield in the experiment (4.74 t/ha) was provided by ‘Kano’ variety in the treatment with the complex application of moisture retainer ‘Aquasorb’, organic fertilizer ‘Parostok’ and growth regulator ‘Vermystym D’.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control soybean seed crude protein content ranged from 35.2 to 36.6%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- soybean seedse0
- Outcome
- content of crude proteine0
- Value
- 35.2 to 36.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of crude protein in soybean seeds in the control treatment varied from 35.2 to 36.6%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture retainer did not significantly affect seed crude protein content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- moisture retainere0
- Outcome
- content of crude proteine0
- Direction
- did not have any significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of crude protein in soybean seeds in the control treatment varied from 35.2 to 36.6%. Application of the moisture retainer did not have any significant effect on this indicator.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer top dressing increased crude protein content by 0.2–0.7% across varieties.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Top dressing with fertilizere0
- Outcome
- content of crude proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.2–0.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Top dressing with fertilizer increased the content of crude protein by 0.2–0.7% in different varieties.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators gave maximum crude protein content.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- combined application of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- content of crude proteine0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum content of crude protein was obtained in the treatment with combined application of organic fertilizer and plant growth regulators.”
t0“soybean”
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