Abstract
To select resistant germplasm resources and understand the growth and physiological responses of kiwifruit ( Actinidia sp.) to drought stress, five species, Actinidia macrosperma (Acma), Actinidia longicarpa (Aclo), Actinidia deliciosa (Acde), Actinidia hemsleyana (Ache), and Actinidia valvata (Acva), were assessed under tissue culture conditions. Rootless seedlings of five species were cultured in a medium containing polyethylene glycol [PEG (formula weight 8000)] to induce drought stress (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). After a 30-day culture, three growth indices [fresh weight (FW), plant height (PLH), and leaf number (LN)] and six physiological indices were determined, and the drought damage index (DDI) was determined. The DDIs of five species increased, and three growth indices decreased with increasing PEG concentrations. The following changes were observed under 20% PEG treatment conditions: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly in Acma, Aclo, and Ache specimens; peroxidase (POX) activities remained stable in Acde, Ache, and Acva specimens; and catalase (CAT) activities increased sharply in Acma and Acva. Furthermore, the results indicated that soluble sugar (SS) content increased slightly in Acma, Aclo, Acde, and Ache but it decreased in Acva specimens. Proline (PRO) content increased significantly in Acma and Acva, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents tended to increase under drought stress in all five species. Principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that the order of drought tolerance in the five genotypes examined in this study under tissue culture conditions was as follows: Acma > Acva > Acde > Aclo > Ache. Therefore, we concluded that Acma and Acva are more resilient germplasm resources that represent promising kiwifruit-breeding materials. Furthermore, tolerance to drought stress in these species should be further investigated under orchard conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Drought damage index increased with PEG concentration.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosae0 - Treatment
- increasing PEG concentrationse0
- Outcome
- DDIse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To select resistant germplasm resources and understand the growth and physiological responses of kiwifruit ( Actinidia sp.) to drought stress, five species, Actinidia macrosperma (Acma), Actinidia longicarpa (Aclo), Actinidia deliciosa (Acde), Actinidia hemsleyana (Ache), and Actinidia valvata (Acva), were assessed under tissue culture conditions. Rootless seedlings of five species were cultured in a medium containing polyethylene glycol [PEG (formula weight 8000)] to induce drought stress (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). After a 30-day culture, three growth indices [fresh weight (FW), plant height (PLH), and leaf number (LN)] and six physiological indices were determined, and the drought damage index (DDI) was determined. The DDIs of five species increased, and three growth indices decreased with increasing PEG concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight, plant height and leaf number decreased with PEG concentration.
ActinidiaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The DDIs of five species increased, and three growth indices decreased with increasing PEG concentrations”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD activity increased significantly in Acma, Aclo and Ache at 20% PEG.
- Material
- Acma, Aclo, and Achee0
- Treatment
- 20% PEGe0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under 20% PEG treatment conditions: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly in Acma, Aclo, and Ache specimens”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
POX activity stayed stable in Acde, Ache and Acva at 20% PEG.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peroxidase (POX) activities remained stable in Acde, Ache, and Acva specimens”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT activity increased sharply in Acma and Acva.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“catalase (CAT) activities increased sharply in Acma and Acva”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugar rose slightly in Acma, Aclo, Acde and Ache.
- Material
- Acma, Aclo, Acde, and Achee0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar (SS) contente0
- Direction
- increased slightlye0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble sugar (SS) content increased slightly in Acma, Aclo, Acde, and Ache”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugar decreased in Acva.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased in Acva specimens”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline increased significantly in Acma and Acva.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proline (PRO) content increased significantly in Acma and Acva”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde tended to increase under drought stress in all species.
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- tended toe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malondialdehyde (MDA) contents tended to increase under drought stress in all five species”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought tolerance ranked Acma above Acva, Acde, Aclo and Ache.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“order of drought tolerance in the five genotypes examined in this study under tissue culture conditions was as follows: Acma > Acva > Acde > Aclo > Ache”
t0“Actinidia”
Claim · model-written summary
Acma and Acva were identified as promising kiwifruit breeding materials.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Material
- Acma and Acvae0
- Outcome
- promising kiwifruit-breeding materialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acma and Acva are more resilient germplasm resources that represent promising kiwifruit-breeding materials”