Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses can improve plant tolerance to multiple stresses. We compared three AM fungi (AMF) from different genera, one of them isolated from a dry and saline environment, in terms of their ability to increase tomato tolerance to moderate or severe drought or salt stress. Plant physiological parameters and metabolic profiles were compared in order to find the molecular mechanisms underlying plant protection against stress. Mycorrhizal growth response was determined, and ultrahigh-performance LC-MS was used to compare the metabolic profile of plants under the different treatments. All AMF increased plant tolerance to stress, and the positive effects of the symbiosis were correlated with the severity of the stress. The AMF isolated from the stressful environment was the most effective in improving plant tolerance to salt stress. Differentially accumulated compounds were identified and the antistress properties of some of them were confirmed. We demonstrate that AM symbioses increase plant metabolic plasticity to cope with stress. Some responses were common to all AMF tested, while others were specifically related to particular isolates. Important metabolism reprograming was evidenced upon salt stress, and we identified metabolic pathways and compounds differentially accumulated in mycorrhizas that may underlie their enhanced tolerance to stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All tested AM fungi increased tomato tolerance to stress.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- AMFe0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant tolerance to stresse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All AMF increased plant tolerance to stress”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefits of AM symbiosis correlated with stress severity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- severity of the stresse0
- Interactor
- symbiosise0symbiont
- Outcome
- positive effects of the symbiosise0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the positive effects of the symbiosis were correlated with the severity of the stress”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The AMF isolate from the stressful environment was most effective at improving tomato salt-stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- AMF isolated from the stressful environmente0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant tolerance to salt stresse0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The AMF isolated from the stressful environment was the most effective in improving plant tolerance to salt stress.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Differentially accumulated compounds were identified in the tomato stress study.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Differentially accumulated compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differentially accumulated compounds were identified”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Antistress properties were confirmed for some identified compounds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- antistress propertiese0
- Qualifier
- some of theme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the antistress properties of some of them were confirmed”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
AM symbioses increased tomato metabolic plasticity under stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- AM symbiosese0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant metabolic plasticitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AM symbioses increase plant metabolic plasticity to cope with stress.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Some tomato responses were shared across all AMF, while others were isolate-specific.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some responses were common to all AMF tested, while others were specifically related to particular isolates.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress involved substantial metabolic reprogramming in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- metabolism reprograminge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Important metabolism reprograming was evidenced upon salt stress”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal plants had differentially accumulated pathways and compounds that may underlie enhanced stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizase0symbiont
- Outcome
- enhanced tolerance to stresse0
- Qualifier
- metabolic pathways and compounds differentially accumulated in mycorrhizase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified metabolic pathways and compounds differentially accumulated in mycorrhizas that may underlie their enhanced tolerance to stress”
t0“tomato”
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See all 37 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.