Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity causes oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) on the antioxidant defence system as a response to Pb stress in Brassica juncea L. Surface-sterilized seeds were exposed to Pb ion (0 and 2 mM) toxicity in Petri dishes and subsequently, the seeds were sprayed with either (i) deionized water or (ii) different concentrations (10 –12 , 10 –10 , and 10 –8 M) of 24-EBL on alternate days. After nine days, the roots of the B. juncea seedlings were harvested to analyze the heavy metal content, root length, hydrogen peroxide level, lipid peroxidation, total protein content and activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase). According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased. Whereas, the 24-EBL treatment to the roots of Pb stressed seedlings was able to alleviate the Pb-induced oxidative stress. Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed. As a result, the stress protective properties of 24-EBL depending on concentration in B. juncea roots were revealed in this study.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Lead increased H2O2 in B. juncea roots.
- Taxon
- B. juncea
Brassica junceae0 - Treatment
- Pb ionse0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead increased malondialdehyde in B. juncea roots.
- Taxon
- B. junceaBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- Pb ionse0
- Outcome
- malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead increased antioxidant enzyme activity except catalase in B. juncea roots.
- Taxon
- B. junceaBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- Pb ionse0
- Outcome
- activity of the antioxidative enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead reduced growth in B. juncea roots.
- Taxon
- B. junceaBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- Pb ionse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead reduced total protein content in B. juncea roots.
- Taxon
- B. junceaBrassica junceae0
- Treatment
- Pb ionse0
- Outcome
- total protein contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to our results, the Pb ions accumulated by the B. juncea roots led to oxidative stress by increasing the level of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde, and thus, increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (except for catalase) and the growth and total protein content decreased.”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBL reduced lead accumulation in lead stressed roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea L.Brassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 24-EBLe0
- Outcome
- Pb accumulatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed.”
t0“Brassica juncea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBL reduced H2O2 levels in lead stressed roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea L.Brassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 24-EBLe0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed.”
t0“Brassica juncea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBL reduced malondialdehyde levels in lead stressed roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea L.Brassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 24-EBLe0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde levelse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed.”
t0“Brassica juncea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBL increased total protein content in lead stressed roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea L.Brassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 24-EBLe0
- Outcome
- total protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed.”
t0“Brassica juncea L.”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBL increased detoxifying antioxidant enzyme activity in lead stressed roots.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea L.Brassica junceat0
- Treatment
- 24-EBLe0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxidee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon the application of 24-EBL, a reduction in Pb accumulation, H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde levels as well as an increased total protein content and activity of antioxidative enzymes detoxifying hydrogen peroxide (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) were observed.”
t0“Brassica juncea L.”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.