Abstract
Wheat is a staple food crop of many countries. Improving resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses remain key breeding targets. Among these, rust diseases are the most detrimental in terms of depressing wheat production. In the present study, chemical mutagenesis was used to induce mutations in the wheat variety NN-Gandum-1. This cultivar is moderately resistant to leaf and yellow rust. The aim of mutagenesis was to improve resistance to the disease as well as to study function of genes conferring resistance to the disease. In the present investigation, a 0.8% EMS dose was found optimum for supporting 45-55% germination of NN-Gandum-1. A total of 3,634 M2 fertile plants were produced from each of the M1 plant. Out of these, 33 (0.91%) and 20 plants (0.55%) showed absolute resistance to leaf and yellow rust, respectively. While 126 (3.46%) and 127 plants (3.49%) exhibited high susceptibility to the leaf and yellow rust, respectively. In the M4 generation, a total of 11 M4 lines (nine absolute resistant and two highly susceptible) and one wild type were selected for NGS-based exome capture assay. A total of 104,779 SNPs were identified that were randomly distributed throughout the wheat sub genomes (A, B and D). Induced mutations in intronic sequences predominated. The highest total number of SNPs detected in this assay were mapped to chr.2B (14,273 SNPs), which contains the highest number of targeted base pairs in the assay. The average mutation density across all regions interrogated was estimated to be one mutation per 20.91 Mb. The highest mutation frequency was found in chr.2D (1/11.7 kb) and the lowest in chr.7D (1/353.4 kb). Out of the detected mutations, 101 SNPs were filtered using analysis criteria aimed to enrich for mutations that may affect gene function. Out of these, one putative SNP detected in Lr21 were selected for further analysis. The SNP identified in chimeric allele (Lr21) of a resistant mutant (N1-252) was located in a NBS domain of chr.1BS at 3.4 Mb position. Through computational analysis, it was demonstrated that this identified SNP causes a substitution of glutamic acid with alanine, resulting in a predicted altered protein structure. This mutation, therefore, is a candidate for contributing to the resistance phenotype in the mutant line. Based on this work, we conclude that the wheat mutant resource developed is useful as a source of novel genetic variation for forward-genetic screens and also as a useful tool for gaining insights into the important biological circuits of different traits of complex genomes like wheat.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
A 0.8% EMS dose supported 45-55% germination of NN-Gandum-1.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- NN-Gandum-1e0
- Treatment
- 0.8% EMS dosee0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Value
- 45-55%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 0.8% EMS dose was found optimum for supporting 45-55% germination of NN-Gandum-1”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-three M2 plants (0.91%) had absolute leaf rust resistance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- absolute resistance to leafe0
- Value
- 33 (0.91%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33 (0.91%) and 20 plants (0.55%) showed absolute resistance to leaf and yellow rust, respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty M2 plants (0.55%) had absolute yellow rust resistance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yellow ruste0
- Value
- 20 plants (0.55%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33 (0.91%) and 20 plants (0.55%) showed absolute resistance to leaf and yellow rust, respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
126 plants (3.46%) were highly susceptible to leaf rust.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- high susceptibility to the leafe0
- Value
- 126 (3.46%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“126 (3.46%) and 127 plants (3.49%) exhibited high susceptibility to the leaf and yellow rust, respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
127 plants (3.49%) were highly susceptible to yellow rust.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yellow ruste0
- Value
- 127 plants (3.49%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“126 (3.46%) and 127 plants (3.49%) exhibited high susceptibility to the leaf and yellow rust, respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Exome capture identified 104,779 SNPs throughout wheat subgenomes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- SNPse0
- Value
- 104,779e0
- Qualifier
- randomly distributed throughout the wheat sub genomes (A, B and D)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“104,779 SNPs were identified that were randomly distributed throughout the wheat sub genomes (A, B and D)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced mutations predominated in intronic sequences.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Induced mutations in intronic sequencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Induced mutations in intronic sequences predominated”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome 2B had 14,273 mapped SNPs, the highest total.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- number of SNPse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 14,273 SNPse0
- Qualifier
- chr.2Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest total number of SNPs detected in this assay were mapped to chr.2B (14,273 SNPs)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Average mutation density was one mutation per 20.91 Mb.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- average mutation densitye0
- Value
- one mutation per 20.91 Mbe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average mutation density across all regions interrogated was estimated to be one mutation per 20.91 Mb”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome 2D had the highest mutation frequency at 1/11.7 kb.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- mutation frequencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1/11.7 kbe0
- Qualifier
- chr.2De0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest mutation frequency was found in chr.2D (1/11.7 kb)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome 7D had the lowest mutation frequency at 1/353.4 kb.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- mutation frequencye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1/353.4 kbe0
- Qualifier
- chr.7De0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest mutation frequency was found in chr.2D (1/11.7 kb) and the lowest in chr.7D (1/353.4 kb)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtering retained 101 SNPs potentially affecting gene function.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- SNPse0
- Value
- 101e0
- Qualifier
- mutations that may affect gene functione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“101 SNPs were filtered using analysis criteria aimed to enrich for mutations that may affect gene function”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
An Lr21 SNP in resistant mutant N1-252 was located in an NBS domain on chromosome 1BS at 3.4 Mb.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- N1-252e0
- Gene
- Lr21e0
- Outcome
- SNPe0
- Value
- 3.4 Mbe0
- Qualifier
- NBS domain of chr.1BSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SNP identified in chimeric allele (Lr21) of a resistant mutant (N1-252) was located in a NBS domain of chr.1BS at 3.4 Mb position”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Computational analysis predicted an Lr21 glutamic-acid-to-alanine substitution and altered protein structure.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- predicted altered protein structuree0
- Qualifier
- substitution of glutamic acid with alaninee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this identified SNP causes a substitution of glutamic acid with alanine, resulting in a predicted altered protein structure”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The Lr21 mutation is a candidate contributor to resistance in N1-252.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- mutant linee0
- Outcome
- resistance phenotypee0
- Qualifier
- candidatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This mutation, therefore, is a candidate for contributing to the resistance phenotype in the mutant line”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The wheat mutant resource is useful for forward-genetic screens and study of complex traits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- source of novel genetic variation for forward-genetic screense0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the wheat mutant resource developed is useful as a source of novel genetic variation for forward-genetic screens and also as a useful tool for gaining insights into the important biological circuits of different traits of complex genomes like wheat”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
ethyl methanesulfonate · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.