Abstract
Mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.) productivity in dryland decreased recently due to the soil fertility degradation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochar types and cattle manure rates on the growth of mungbean in semi-arid dark soil. The factorial completely randomized block design 3 x 5 with four replicates was set to arrange treatments for the field trial. Two biochars (rice husk and sawdust) at 10 t/ha in combination with four rates of cattle manure (1, 3, 5 and 10 t/ha) and control (without biochar and cattle manure) were applied to the soil, incubated for three weeks and then planted with mungbean cv. Fore Belu. The results revealed that additions of biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity by 2-4% and 0.15-0.20, respectively; decreased soil temperature and bulk density by 1-2 o C and 0.2 g/cm 3 , respectively; increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control. The best growth of mungbean was obtained from the additions of sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha and cattle manure at 3 t/ha.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture by 2-4%.
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2-4%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity by 2-4% and 0.15-0.20, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased soil electrical conductivity by 0.15-0.20.
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- soil electrical conductivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.15-0.20e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity by 2-4% and 0.15-0.20, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure decreased soil temperature by 1-2 o C.
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 1-2 o Ce1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“decreased soil temperature and bulk density by 1-2 o C and 0.2 g/cm 3 , respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure decreased bulk density by 0.2 g/cm 3.
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 0.2 g/cm 3e1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“decreased soil temperature and bulk density by 1-2 o C and 0.2 g/cm 3 , respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased plant height by 4 cm versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 4 cme1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased stem diameter by 0.1 cm versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- stem diametere1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.1 cme1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased root length by 5 cm versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5 cme1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased total dry weight by 7 g versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- dry weightse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 7 ge1
- Qualifier
- totale1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased shoot dry weight by 0.9 g versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Organ / stage
- shoote1
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- dry weightse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.9 ge1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and cattle manure increased root dry weight by 6 g versus control.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- additions of biochar and cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- root dry weightse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 6 ge1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mungbean”
e0“additions of biochar and cattle manure”
e1“increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha plus cattle manure at 3 t/ha produced the best mungbean growth.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha and cattle manure at 3 t/hae0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best growth of mungbean was obtained from the additions of sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha and cattle manure at 3 t/ha.”
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