Abstract
Potassium (K) as a macro nutrient governs important physiological mechanisms ensuring optimum plant growth and produce quality. An experiment was conducted during the summer of 2017 to study the effects of potassium application on maize under high nitrogen (N) nutrition with optimum and reduced irrigations. The experiment was comprised of three factors, viz. two irrigation levels (optimum, reduced), three potassium levels (80, 120 and 160 kg ha -1 ) and four nitrogen levels (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha -1 ). Two separate trials were carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD), one under optimum (five irrigations) and another under reduced irrigation (three irrigations). One control plot (0K, 0N) was used under each replication for both trials. Optimum irrigation had resulted in maximum days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturity, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), absolute growth rate (AGR), plant height, grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight, biological yield, grain yield, chlorophyll contents and shelling percentage. High N (250 kg ha -1 ) delayed tasseling, silking and physiological maturity and resulted in maximum growth, physiological traits and biological yields. However, 150 kg N ha -1 had resulted in maximum number of ears m -2 , number of grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight and grain yield. While 100 kg N ha -1 had resulted in early tasseling, silking and physiological maturity. Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 delayed phenology and recorded with maximum growth rates, improved physiology and maximum yield traits and grain yield. However, the treatment 120 kg K ha -1 remained almost statistically similar to the 160 kg K ha -1 for most of the parameters. In the case of control vs rest, generally the performance of the control plot was poor. Hence, 150 kg N ha -1 with 120 kg K ha -1 under optimum irrigation is recommended for optimum productivity of maize crop.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum irrigation delayed tasseling, silking and physiological maturity relative to reduced irrigation.
- Treatment
- Optimum irrigatione0
- Outcome
- days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturitye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- reducede1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum irrigation had resulted in maximum days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturity”
e1“two irrigation levels (optimum, reduced)”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum irrigation maximized crop, net assimilation and absolute growth rates.
- Treatment
- Optimum irrigatione0
- Outcome
- crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), absolute growth rate (AGR)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum irrigation had resulted in maximum days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturity, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), absolute growth rate (AGR)”
e1“two irrigation levels (optimum, reduced)”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum irrigation maximized plant height, grains per ear and thousand-grain weight.
- Treatment
- Optimum irrigatione0
- Outcome
- plant height, grains ear -1 , thousand grains weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum irrigation had resulted in maximum days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturity, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), absolute growth rate (AGR), plant height, grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight”
e1“two irrigation levels (optimum, reduced)”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum irrigation maximized biological yield, grain yield and shelling percentage.
- Treatment
- Optimum irrigatione0
- Outcome
- biological yield, grain yield, chlorophyll contents and shelling percentagee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimum irrigation had resulted in maximum days of tasseling, silking, physiological maturity, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), absolute growth rate (AGR), plant height, grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight, biological yield, grain yield, chlorophyll contents and shelling percentage.”
e1“two irrigation levels (optimum, reduced)”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen at 250 kg ha -1 delayed tasseling, silking and physiological maturity.
- Treatment
- High N (250 kg ha -1 )e0
- Outcome
- tasseling, silking and physiological maturitye0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High N (250 kg ha -1 ) delayed tasseling, silking and physiological maturity”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 250 kg ha -1 maximized growth, physiological traits and biological yields.
- Treatment
- High N (250 kg ha -1 )e0
- Outcome
- growth, physiological traits and biological yieldse0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High N (250 kg ha -1 ) delayed tasseling, silking and physiological maturity and resulted in maximum growth, physiological traits and biological yields.”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 150 kg N ha -1 maximized ears per square meter, grains per ear and thousand-grain weight.
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha -1e0
- Outcome
- number of ears m -2 , number of grains ear -1 , thousand grains weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150 kg N ha -1 had resulted in maximum number of ears m -2 , number of grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight and grain yield”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 150 kg N ha -1 maximized grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150 kg N ha -1 had resulted in maximum number of ears m -2 , number of grains ear -1 , thousand grains weight and grain yield”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 100 kg N ha -1 advanced tasseling, silking and physiological maturity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 kg N ha -1 had resulted in early tasseling, silking and physiological maturity”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 160 kg ha -1 delayed maize phenology.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 delayed phenology”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 160 kg ha -1 maximized growth rates and improved physiology.
- Treatment
- Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- growth rates, improved physiologye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 delayed phenology and recorded with maximum growth rates, improved physiology and maximum yield traits and grain yield.”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 160 kg ha -1 maximized yield traits and grain yield.
- Treatment
- Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1e0
- Outcome
- yield traits and grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium fertilization at the rate of 160 kg ha -1 delayed phenology and recorded with maximum growth rates, improved physiology and maximum yield traits and grain yield.”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 120 kg K ha -1 was statistically similar to 160 kg K ha -1 for most parameters.
- Treatment
- 120 kg K ha -1e0
- Outcome
- most of the parameterse0
- Direction
- almost statistically similare0
- Comparator
- 160 kg K ha -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment 120 kg K ha -1 remained almost statistically similar to the 160 kg K ha -1 for most of the parameters”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The untreated control generally performed poorly compared with treated plots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of control vs rest, generally the performance of the control plot was poor.”
t0“MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 150 kg N ha -1 and 120 kg K ha -1 under optimum irrigation for maize productivity.
- Outcome
- 150 kg N ha -1 with 120 kg K ha -1 under optimum irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150 kg N ha -1 with 120 kg K ha -1 under optimum irrigation is recommended for optimum productivity of maize crop.”
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