Abstract
Abstract A research was carried out in southern Italy in order to evaluate the effects of two farming systems (open field, greenhouse) and five transplanting times (27 September, 11 October, 25 October, 8 November, 22 November) on plant growth, harvest precocity, fresh pod yield and seed quality of organic faba bean. Crop biomass and root expansion were higher in open field than in greenhouse. The fourth planting time resulted in the highest crop biomass, whereas the second crop cycle showed the highest leaf area index. Greenhouse crops showed higher precocity than the open field ones by about two weeks, as well as the first transplant; the delay in harvest beginning increased from the second to the fourth planting time. Both fresh pod and seeds yield were significantly higher in open field than under protected environment with the third and fourth planting times. Seed fiber and protein content showed higher values in greenhouse compared to open field and increased with the transplant delay. Seed polyphenols attained higher concentration in open field and with the two earliest planting times. Overall, 25 October to 8 November planting times in open field best fitted the southern Italy growing conditions in terms of pod yield, but the 27 September to 11 October planting times resulted in the highest harvest precocity, remarkably enhanced under greenhouse growing, whereas seed quality was controversial.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Open field crops had higher biomass and root expansion than greenhouse crops.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabat0 - Treatment
- open fielde0
- Outcome
- Crop biomass and root expansione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop biomass and root expansion were higher in open field than in greenhouse”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The fourth planting time produced the highest crop biomass.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- fourth planting timee0
- Outcome
- crop biomasse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fourth planting time resulted in the highest crop biomass”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The second crop cycle had the highest leaf area index.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- second crop cyclee0
- Outcome
- leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the second crop cycle showed the highest leaf area index”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse crops reached harvest about two weeks earlier than open field crops.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Greenhousee0
- Outcome
- precocitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about two weekse0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greenhouse crops showed higher precocity than the open field ones by about two weeks”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The first transplant had higher precocity.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- first transplante0
- Outcome
- precocitye1
- Direction
- highere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as well as the first transplant”
e1“Greenhouse crops showed higher precocity than the open field ones by about two weeks”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest beginning was increasingly delayed from the second through fourth planting time.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- delay in harvest beginninge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- from the second to the fourth planting timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the delay in harvest beginning increased from the second to the fourth planting time”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Open field significantly increased fresh pod yield at the third and fourth planting times.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- open fielde0
- Outcome
- fresh pode0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- third and fourth planting timese0
- Comparator
- protected environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both fresh pod and seeds yield were significantly higher in open field than under protected environment with the third and fourth planting times”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Open field significantly increased seed yield at the third and fourth planting times.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- open fielde0
- Outcome
- seeds yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- third and fourth planting timese0
- Comparator
- protected environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both fresh pod and seeds yield were significantly higher in open field than under protected environment with the third and fourth planting times”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse crops had higher seed fiber and protein content than open field crops.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- greenhousee0
- Outcome
- Seed fiber and protein contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- open fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed fiber and protein content showed higher values in greenhouse compared to open field”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fiber and protein content increased with transplant delay.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- transplant delaye0
- Outcome
- Seed fiber and protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed fiber and protein content showed higher values in greenhouse compared to open field and increased with the transplant delay”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed polyphenol concentration was higher in open field crops.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- open fielde0
- Outcome
- Seed polyphenolse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed polyphenols attained higher concentration in open field and with the two earliest planting times”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed polyphenol concentration was higher with the two earliest planting times.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- two earliest planting timese0
- Outcome
- Seed polyphenolse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed polyphenols attained higher concentration in open field and with the two earliest planting times”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 25 October to 8 November open field planting for pod yield.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- 25 October to 8 November planting times in open fielde0
- Setting
- southern Italye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“25 October to 8 November planting times in open field best fitted the southern Italy growing conditions in terms of pod yield”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify 27 September to 11 October planting as providing the highest harvest precocity, especially in greenhouses.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- 27 September to 11 October planting timese0
- Qualifier
- under greenhouse growinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 27 September to 11 October planting times resulted in the highest harvest precocity, remarkably enhanced under greenhouse growing”
t0“faba bean”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.