Abstract
Hormesis is a dose response phenomenon in which low, non‐damaging doses of a stressor bring about a positive response in the organism undergoing treatment. Evidence is provided here that hormetic UV ‐C treatments of tomato seed can control disease caused by Botrytis cinerea , Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici ( FOL ) and f. sp. radicis‐lycopersici ( FORL ) on tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ). Treating seeds with a 4 kJ m −2 dose of UV ‐C significantly reduced both the disease incidence and progression of B. cinerea , with approximately 10% reductions in both on cv. Shirley. Disease severity assays for FOL and FORL on cv. Moneymaker showed dose‐dependent responses: UV ‐C treatments of 4 and 6 kJ m −2 significantly reduced the disease severity scores of FOL , whilst only the 6 kJ m −2 showed significant reductions for FORL . To determine the effects of treatment on germination and seedling growth, UV ‐C doses of 4, 8 and 12 kJ m −2 were performed on cv. Shirley. No negative impacts on germination or seedling growth were observed for any of the treatments. However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control. Furthermore, significant increases in the root‐mass fraction (10.6%) and root:shoot ratio (13.1%) along with a decrease in shoot‐mass fraction (2.0%) indicates that the 8 kJ m −2 treatment stimulated root growth to the greatest extent. There was no effect on hypocotyl and primary root length or the number of lateral roots, indicating no adverse effects to basic root architecture or seedling growth.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
A 4 kJ m−2 UV-C seed dose reduced Botrytis disease incidence by about 10% on Shirley.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- Shirleye0
- Treatment
- 4 kJ m −2 dose of UV ‐Ce0
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- approximately 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treating seeds with a 4 kJ m −2 dose of UV ‐C significantly reduced both the disease incidence and progression of B. cinerea , with approximately 10% reductions in both on cv. Shirley.”
t0“tomato diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
A 4 kJ m−2 UV-C seed dose reduced Botrytis disease progression by about 10% on Shirley.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Shirleye0
- Treatment
- 4 kJ m −2 dose of UV ‐Ce0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- progression of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- approximately 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treating seeds with a 4 kJ m −2 dose of UV ‐C significantly reduced both the disease incidence and progression of B. cinerea , with approximately 10% reductions in both on cv. Shirley.”
t0“tomato diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
A 4 kJ m−2 UV-C dose reduced FOL severity on Moneymaker.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Moneymakere1
- Treatment
- UV ‐C treatments of 4e0
- Interactor
- FOLe0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severity scores of FOLe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV ‐C treatments of 4 and 6 kJ m −2 significantly reduced the disease severity scores of FOL”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“Disease severity assays for FOL and FORL on cv. Moneymaker showed dose‐dependent responses:”
Claim · model-written summary
A 6 kJ m−2 UV-C dose reduced FOL severity on Moneymaker.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kJ m −2e0
- Interactor
- FOLe0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severity scores of FOLe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV ‐C treatments of 4 and 6 kJ m −2 significantly reduced the disease severity scores of FOL”
t0“tomato diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the 6 kJ m−2 dose significantly reduced FORL severity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kJ m −2e0
- Interactor
- FORLe0pathogen
- Outcome
- reductions for FORLe0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only the 6 kJ m −2 showed significant reductions for FORL”
t0“tomato diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C doses of 4, 8 and 12 kJ m−2 had no negative impact on germination or seedling growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- UV‐Ce1
- Outcome
- germination or seedling growthe0
- Direction
- No negative impactse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No negative impacts on germination or seedling growth were observed for any of the treatments.”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“To determine the effects of treatment on germination and seedling growth, UV ‐C doses of 4, 8 and 12 kJ m −2 were performed on cv. Shirley.”
Claim · model-written summary
An 8 kJ m−2 dose increased seedling dry weight by 11.4%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 11.4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
An 8 kJ m−2 dose increased root dry weight by 23.1%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- root and hypocotyl dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 23.1%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
An 8 kJ m−2 dose increased hypocotyl dry weight by 12.0%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- hypocotyl dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 12.0%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 8 kJ m−2 dose increased root-mass fraction by 10.6%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- root‐mass fractione0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 10.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increases in the root‐mass fraction (10.6%) and root:shoot ratio (13.1%) along with a decrease in shoot‐mass fraction (2.0%)”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 8 kJ m−2 dose increased root:shoot ratio by 13.1%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- root:shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 13.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increases in the root‐mass fraction (10.6%) and root:shoot ratio (13.1%) along with a decrease in shoot‐mass fraction (2.0%)”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 8 kJ m−2 dose decreased shoot-mass fraction by 2.0%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 8 kJ m −2e1
- Outcome
- shoot‐mass fractione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 2.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increases in the root‐mass fraction (10.6%) and root:shoot ratio (13.1%) along with a decrease in shoot‐mass fraction (2.0%)”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“However, the 8 kJ m −2 treatment showed significant biostimulation, with increases in seedling, root and hypocotyl dry weight of 11.4%, 23.1% and 12.0%, respectively, when compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C treatment did not change hypocotyl length.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- UV‐Ce1
- Outcome
- hypocotyl and primary root lengthe0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no effect on hypocotyl and primary root length or the number of lateral roots”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“To determine the effects of treatment on germination and seedling growth, UV ‐C doses of 4, 8 and 12 kJ m −2 were performed on cv. Shirley.”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-C treatment did not change lateral-root number.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- UV‐Ce1
- Outcome
- number of lateral rootse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no effect on hypocotyl and primary root length or the number of lateral roots”
t0“tomato diseases”
e1“To determine the effects of treatment on germination and seedling growth, UV ‐C doses of 4, 8 and 12 kJ m −2 were performed on cv. Shirley.”
The same questions in other papers
uv · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →uv · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →uv · Botrytis cinerea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.